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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >Freshwater diatom biogeography and the genus Luticola: an extreme case of endemism in Antarctica
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Freshwater diatom biogeography and the genus Luticola: an extreme case of endemism in Antarctica

机译：淡水硅藻生物地理学和卢迪科拉属：南极特有物种的极端案例

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摘要

Historical views have characterized Antarctica as a frozen desert with low diversity, although recent studies suggest that this may not be true for microscopic organisms. For microbes, assessing endemism in the Antarctic region has been particularly important, especially against a backdrop of debate regarding their presumed cosmopolitan nature. To contribute to this conversation, we highlight the observed endemism of the freshwater diatom genus Luticola in Antarctica by synthesizing the results of a modern high-resolution taxonomy from the Continental, Maritime, and sub-Antarctic regions. We report that Luticola has one of the highest endemic rates of any diatom genus in Antarctica, in terms of total number of species (taxon endemism) and percentage of the entire genus (phylogenetic endemism). Of the over 200 species of Luticola globally, nearly 20% (43) occur in the Antarctic, with 42 of these being endemic. Within regions, Maritime Antarctica has the largest number of Luticola species and endemics (28 and 23, respectively), followed by Continental Antarctica (14, 9) and sub-Antarctic islands (8, 6). Thus, 38 of the 42 endemics are found in a single region only. While the timing of Luticola diversification has not been established, fossil evidence suggests recent invasions and/or diversification over a relatively short geologic timescale. Understanding the origin and evolution of endemic diatom species in Antarctica will help us better understand microbial biogeography, as well as assess and interpret impacts of large-scale environmental change taking place at southern latitudes.
机译：历史观点已将南极洲定性为多样性低的冰冻沙漠，尽管最近的研究表明，这对于微观生物可能并非如此。对于微生物来说，评估南极地区的地方性特别重要，尤其是在关于其假定的国际性质的辩论的背景下。为了促进这次对话，我们通过综合来自大陆，海事和南极地区的现代高分辨率分类学的结果，突出了南极淡水硅藻属Luticola的地方性。我们报告说，就物种总数（分类生物特有性）和整个属的百分比（系统发育特有性）而言，Luticola是南极硅藻属中最高的地方性流行率之一。在全球200多种Luticola物种中，近20％（43）发生在南极洲，其中42种是地方性的。在区域内，南极海域的Luticola种类和特有种数量最多（分别为28和23），其次是南极洲大陆（14、9）和南极洲群岛（8、6）。因此，仅在单个区域中发现了42种流行病中的38种。虽然尚不确定Luticola多样化的时间，但化石证据表明，最近的入侵和/或多样化是在相对较短的地质时间内完成的。了解南极特有硅藻物种的起源和演化，将有助于我们更好地了解微生物的生物地理，以及评估和解释南部纬度地区发生的大规模环境变化的影响。

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  • 来源
    《Polar biology》 |2017年第6期|1185-1196|共12页
  • 作者

    Kociolek J. P.; Kopalova K.; Hamsher S. E.; Kohler T. J.; Van de Vijver B.; Convey P.; McKnight D. M.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Colorado, Museum Nat Hist, UCB 218, Boulder, CO 80309 USA|Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA;

    Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Ecol, Vinicna 7, CR-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic;

    Univ Colorado, Museum Nat Hist, UCB 218, Boulder, CO 80309 USA;

    Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Ecol, Vinicna 7, CR-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic|Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA;

    Bot Garden Meise, Dept Bryophyta & Thallophyta, Nieuwelaan 38, B-1860 Meise, Belgium|Univ Antwerp, ECOBE, Dept Biol, Univ Pl 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium;

    British Antarctic Survey, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England;

    Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Dry Valleys; Bacillariophyta; Sub-Antarctic islands; Cryosphere; Ubiquity hypothesis; James Ross Island;

    机译：干旱谷;芽孢杆菌属;南极洲岛屿;冰河圈;泛在性假设;詹姆斯·罗斯岛;

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