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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >The potential role of Antarctic krill faecal pellets in efficient carbon export at the marginal ice zone of the South Orkney Islands in spring
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The potential role of Antarctic krill faecal pellets in efficient carbon export at the marginal ice zone of the South Orkney Islands in spring

机译：南极磷虾粪便颗粒在春季南奥克尼群岛边缘冰区的有效碳出口中的潜在作用

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Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) play a central role in the food web of the Southern Ocean, forming a link between primary production and large predators. Krill produce large, faecal pellets (FP) which can form a large component of mesopelagic particulate organic carbon (POC) fluxes. However, the patchy distribution of krill swarms, highly variable pellet composition, and variable sinking and attenuation rates means that these episodic, but potentially large, carbon fluxes are difficult to sample or model. We measured particle flux and type using Marine Snow Catchers (MSC) in the marginal ice zone near the South Orkneys, Antarctica. Krill FP were the dominant component of the POC flux in the upper 200 m (typically 60-85%). FP sinking velocities measured onboard were highly variable (15-507 m d(-1)) but overall high, with mean equivalent velocities of 172, 267, and 161 m d(-1) at our three stations. The high numbers of krill FP sinking through the mesopelagic suggest that krill FP can be transferred efficiently and/or that rates of krill FP production are high. We compared our direct MSC-derived estimates of krill FP POC flux (33-154 mg C m(-2) d(-1)) and attenuation to estimates of krill FP production based on previous measurements of krill density and literature FP egestion rates, and estimated net krill FP attenuation rates in the upper mesopelagic. Calculated attenuation rates are sensitive to krill densities in the overlying water column but suggest that krill FP could be transferred efficiently through the upper mesopelagic, and, in agreement with our MSC attenuation estimates, could make large contributions to bathypelagic POC fluxes. Our study contrasts with some others which suggest rapid FP attenuation, highlighting the need for further work to constrain attenuation rates and assess how important the contribution of Antarctic krill FP could be to the Southern Ocean biological carbon pump.
机译：南极磷虾（Euphausia superba）在南大洋的食物网中发挥着核心作用，在初级生产和大型捕食者之间建立了联系。磷虾会产生大的粪便颗粒（FP），而粪便颗粒会形成中弹性颗粒有机碳（POC）通量的很大一部分。但是，磷虾群的分布不均，颗粒组成高度可变，下沉率和衰减率可变，这意味着很难对这些偶发性但可能很大的碳通量进行采样或建模。我们在南极南奥克尼山脉附近的边缘冰区中使用海洋捕雪器（MSC）测量了粒子通量和类型。磷虾FP是上部200 m（通常为60-85％）中POC通量的主要成分。船上测得的FP下沉速度变化很大（15-507 m d（-1）），但总体上较高，在我们三个站的平均等效速度分别为172、267和161 m d（-1）。大量的磷虾FP通过中生鱼类沉没，表明磷虾FP可以有效地转移和/或磷虾FP的生产率很高。我们将基于MSC的磷虾FP POC通量的直接估计值（33-154 mg C m（-2）d（-1））和衰减与磷虾FP产量的估计值进行了比较，该估计是基于先前对磷虾密度和文献FP转化率的测量得出的，并估计中上睑板层的净磷虾FP衰减率。计算得出的衰减率对上覆水柱中的磷虾密度敏感，但表明磷虾FP可以有效地通过上中生界转移，并且与我们的MSC衰减估计相符，可能对深海POC通量有很大贡献。我们的研究与其他一些建议相反，这些建议表明FP快速衰减，强调需要进一步开展工作以限制衰减速率并评估南极磷虾FP对南大洋生物碳泵的重要性。

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