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Biosurfactant production by Arctic and Antarctic bacteria growing on hydrocarbons

机译：北极和南极细菌在碳氢化合物上生长产生的生物表面活性剂

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摘要

The risk of hydrocarbon contamination in marine polar areas is constantly increasing. Autochthonous bacteria, due to their ability to cope and survive under extreme environmental conditions, can play a fundamental role in the hydrocarbon degradation. The degradation process is often enhanced by the production of biosurfactant molecules. The present study reports for the first time on the isolation of biosurfactant-producing bacteria from Arctic and Antarctic shoreline sediments. A total of 199 psychrotolerant bacterial isolates were obtained from hydrocarbon-amended (with crude or diesel oil) microcosms. A total of 18 isolates were selected for their ability to grow in the presence of crude oil and produce biosurfactants, as it was revealed by the production of good E-24 values (a parts per thousand yen50 %) and/or reduction in the surface tension (under 30 mN/m). The positive response of the isolates to both tests suggests a possible production of biosurfactants with emulsifying and interfacial activities. Biosurfactant-producing isolates were mainly affiliated to the genera Rhodococcus (14 isolates), followed by Pseudomonas (two isolates), Pseudoalteromonas (one isolate) and Idiomarina (one isolate). Thin-layer chromatography of biosurfactant crude extracts revealed that the majority of the selected isolates were able to produce glycolipidic surfactants. Our results enlarge the knowledge, which is still poor and fragmentary, on biosurfactant producers from polar areas and indicate marine polar sediments as a source of bacteria with potential applications in the remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated cold environments.
机译：海洋极地地区碳氢化合物污染的风险不断增加。土生细菌由于能够在极端环境条件下生存并生存，因此可以在碳氢化合物降解中发挥重要作用。通常通过生物表面活性剂分子的产生来增强降解过程。本研究首次报道了从北极和南极海岸线沉积物中分离出产生生物表面活性剂的细菌。总共199种抗精神病细菌分离株是从碳氢化合物修正的（含原油或柴油的）微观世界中获得的。从产生良好的E-24值（千分之几的百分率50％）和/或减少表面上可以看出，总共选择了18种分离株，使其具有在原油存在下生长和生产生物表面活性剂的能力。张力（低于30 mN / m）。分离物对两种测试的阳性反应表明可能产生具有乳化和界面活性的生物表面活性剂。产生生物表面活性剂的菌株主要隶属红球菌属（14个菌株），其次是假单胞菌（2个菌株），假单胞菌（1个菌株）和Idiomarina（1个菌株）。生物表面活性剂粗提物的薄层色谱分析表明，大多数选定的分离物都能够生产糖脂表面活性剂。我们的结果扩大了对来自极地地区的生物表面活性剂生产者的了解，但该知识仍然贫乏且零碎，并表明海洋极地沉积物是细菌的一种来源，在补救碳氢化合物污染的寒冷环境中具有潜在的应用前景。

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  • 来源
    《Polar biology》 |2015年第10期|1565-1574|共10页
  • 作者

    Malavenda Roberta; Rizzo Carmen; Michaud Luigi; Gerce Berna; Bruni Vivia; Syldatk Christoph; Hausmann Rudolf; Lo Giudice Angelina;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Messina, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, I-98166 Messina, Italy;

    Univ Messina, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, I-98166 Messina, Italy;

    Univ Messina, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, I-98166 Messina, Italy;

    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Proc Engn Life Sci, Sect Tech Biol 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;

    Univ Messina, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, I-98166 Messina, Italy;

    Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Proc Engn Life Sci, Sect Tech Biol 2, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;

    Univ Hohenheim, Inst Food Sci & Biotechnol, Sect Bioproc Engn, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany;

    CNR, Natl Res Council IAMC, Inst Coastal Marine Environm, I-98122 Messina, Italy|Univ Messina, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, I-98166 Messina, Italy;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Arctic and Antarctic sediment; Biosurfactants; Hydrocarbons; Bacterial isolates;

    机译：北极和南极沉积物;生物表面活性剂;烃类;细菌分离物;

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