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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >Reducing seabird strikes with trawl cables in the pollock catcher-processor fleet in the eastern Bering Sea
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Reducing seabird strikes with trawl cables in the pollock catcher-processor fleet in the eastern Bering Sea

机译：在白令海东部的鳕鱼捕捕器-加工船队中，用拖网电缆减少海鸟袭击

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摘要

Effective mitigation measures were developed to reduce high levels of seabird mortality due to warp strikes in southern hemisphere trawl fisheries. However, in northern hemisphere trawl fisheries, little is known about the extent of cable strike seabird mortality or techniques to mitigate it. We compared the rate of heavy seabird strikes by third-wire cables and warps, using three mitigation measures compared to a control of no mitigation. Experiments were conducted aboard two catcher-processor vessels targeting walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in the eastern Bering Sea: one that rendered offal into fish meal and fish oil (Vessel R) and one that minced offal prior to discharge (Vessel M). More birds attended Vessel M, but the rate of seabird cable strikes was higher on Vessel R due to the greater aerial extent of its cables. Streamer lines significantly reduced heavy seabird strikes by both cable types regardless of discharge characteristics. Reducing the aerial extent of third wires also reduced third-wire strike rates, but this method was less effective than streamer lines. Warp booms designed to divert seabirds from warps failed to reduce seabird warp strikes, but this technique could be improved. These results show for the first time that seabird strikes with modern third-wire trawl sonar cable systems can be reduced through mitigation or gear modification and that warp strikes can be mitigated with techniques similar to those found successful in southern hemisphere fisheries. Mitigation measures and concepts identified in this study should be widely applicable.
机译：已开发出有效的缓解措施，以减少由于南半球拖网渔业的经线罢工而造成的海鸟高死亡率。但是，在北半球拖网渔业中，人们对缆索罢工海鸟死亡率或减轻其死亡率的技术知之甚少。我们使用三种缓解措施与无缓解措施相比，比较了第三线电缆和经线对海鸟造成的重击率。在白令海东部针对角膜白斑鳕（Theragra chalcogramma）的两艘捕捞处理船上进行了实验：一艘将内脏分解成鱼粉和鱼油（R船），另一艘在将内脏切碎后排放（M船）。船只M上的鸟儿较多，但由于船只R的航拍范围更大，所以海鸟在电缆R上的罢工率更高。不论排放特性如何，拖缆均能显着减少两种电缆对海鸟的沉重打击。降低第三根导线的空中距离也降低了第三根导线的触碰率，但是这种方法比拖缆的效果差。用于将海鸟从经纱中转移出来的经纱吊杆未能减少海鸟经线的撞击，但可以改进此技术。这些结果首次表明，通过减轻影响或改进渔具，可以减少现代第三线拖网声纳电缆系统对海鸟的打击，并且可以采用类似于在南半球渔业中成功的技术来减轻经线的打击。本研究中确定的缓解措施和概念应广泛适用。

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