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Drift-ice and under-ice water communities in the Gulf of Bothnia (Baltic Sea)

机译：博特尼亚湾（波罗的海）的流冰和冰下水域群落

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摘要

The algal, protozoan and metazoan communities within different drift-ice types (newly formed, pancake and rafted ice) and in under-ice water were studied in the Gulf of Bothnia in March 2006. In ice, diatoms together with unidentified flagellates dominated the algal biomass (226 ± 154 μg ww l~(-1)) and rotifers the metazoan and protozoan biomass (32 ± 25 μg ww l~(-1)). The under-ice water communities were dominated by flagellates and ciliates, which resulted in lower biomasses (97 ± 25 and 21 ± 14 μg ww l~(-1), respectively). The under-ice water and newly formed ice separated from all other samples to their own cluster in hierarchical cluster analysis. The most important discriminating factors, according to discriminant analysis, were chlorophyll-a, phosphate and silicate. The under-ice waterewly formed ice cluster was characterized by high nutrient and low chlorophyll-a values, while thernopposite held true for the ice cluster. Increasing trends in chlorophyll-a concentration and biomass were observed with increasing ice thickness. Within the thick ice columns (>40 cm), the highest chlorophyll-a concentrations (6.6-22.2 μg l~(-1)) were in the bottom layers indicating photoacclimation of the sympagic community. The ice algal biomass showed additional peaks in the centric diatom-dominated surface layers coinciding with the highest photosynthetic efficiencies [0.019-0.032 μg C (μg Chl-a~(-1) h~(-1)) (μE m~(-2) s~(-1))~(-1)] and maximum photosynthetic capacities [0.43-1.29 μg C (μg Chl-a~(-1) h~(-1))]. Rafting and snow-ice formation, determined from thin sections and stable oxygen isotopic composition, strongly influenced the physical, chemical and biological properties of the ice. Snow-ice formation provided the surface layers with nutrients and possibly habitable space, which seemed to have favored centric diatoms in our study.
机译：2006年3月，在博特尼亚湾研究了不同浮冰类型（新形成的薄煎饼和漂流的冰）和冰下水中的藻类，原生动物和后生动物群落。生物量（226±154μgww l〜（-1））和轮虫后生和原生动物生物量（32±25μgww l〜（-1））。冰底水群落以鞭毛和纤毛虫为主，生物量较低（分别为97±25和21±14μgww l〜（-1））。在层次聚类分析中，冰下水和新形成的冰与所有其他样品分离成它们自己的聚类。根据判别分析，最重要的判别因素是叶绿素a，磷酸盐和硅酸盐。冰下水/新形成的冰团的特点是营养成分高，叶绿素-a值低，而浮冰对冰团成立。随着冰厚度的增加，观察到叶绿素-a浓度和生物量的增加趋势。在厚冰柱（> 40 cm）中，最底层的叶绿素-a浓度最高（6.6-22.2μgl〜（-1）），表明该群落具有光适应性。冰藻生物质在以硅藻为主的中心表面层中显示出额外的峰，与光合效率最高[0.019-0.032μgC（μgChl-a〜（-1）h〜（-1））（μEm〜（- 2）s〜（-1））〜（-1）]和最大光合作用容量[0.43-1.29μgC（μgChl-a〜（-1）h〜（-1））]。由薄层和稳定的氧同位素组成决定的木筏和雪冰的形成对冰的物理，化学和生物学特性产生了很大的影响。冰雪的形成为表层提供了养分，并可能提供了可居住的空间，这在我们的研究中似乎更倾向于中心硅藻。

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  • 来源
    《Polar biology》 |2010年第2期|179-191|共13页
  • 作者

    Janne-Markus Rintala; Jonna Piiparinen; Jari Uusikivi;

  • 作者单位

    Finnish Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 2, 00560 Helsinki, Finland University of Helsinki, Tvaerminne Zoological Station, J.A. Palmenintie 260, 10900 Hanko, Finland Finnish Environment Institute, Marine Centre, P.O. Box 140, 00251 Helsinki, Finland;

    Finnish Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 2, 00560 Helsinki, Finland University of Helsinki, Tvaerminne Zoological Station, J.A. Palmenintie 260, 10900 Hanko, Finland Finnish Environment Institute, Marine Centre, P.O. Box 140, 00251 Helsinki, Finland;

    Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    baltic sea; sea ice; chlorophyll-a; algae; protozoa; metazoa; ice structure;

    机译：波罗的海;海冰;叶绿素a藻类原生动物后生动物冰结构;

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