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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >Maximizing growth rate at low temperatures: RNA:DNA allocation strategies and life history traits of Arctic and temperate Daphnia
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Maximizing growth rate at low temperatures: RNA:DNA allocation strategies and life history traits of Arctic and temperate Daphnia

机译：最大化低温下的生长速度：RNA：北极和温带水蚤的DNA分配策略和生活史特征

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摘要

Many short-lived or univoltine organisms at high latitudes and altitudes face the challenge to complete their life-cycle within a brief growing season. This means that they need to maintain a high growth rate at low temperatures, and one way of doing this is to allocate limiting resources like phosphorus to RNA in order to maximize protein synthesis. We here explore the allocations of phosphorus to RNA relative to DNA, and the potential bearings on growth rate and life history traits of polyploid (high-Arctic) and diploid (temperate) Daphnia pulex. The polyploid clone matured earlier at low temperature (8℃) but later than the diploid clone at high temperature (18℃). Juveniles of Arctic Daphnia had both higher specific levelsrnof RNA and higher growth rates at low temperature compared with the temperate clone of Daphnia. We hypothesize that Arctic Daphnia may overcome growth constraints posed by low temperature and polyploidy by increasing their allocation of resources to RNA. The prevalence of polyploidy in Arctic populations strongly suggests that the potential drawbacks of polyploidy are counteracted by an increased allocation of resources to RNA to keep a high rate of protein synthesis even under low temperatures.
机译：在高纬度和高海拔地区，许多短寿命或单伏特生物都面临着在一个短暂的生长季节内完成其生命周期的挑战。这意味着它们需要在低温下保持较高的生长速率，而这样做的一种方法是将有限的资源（如磷）分配给RNA，以最大化蛋白质的合成。我们在这里探索磷相对于DNA相对于RNA的分配，以及对多倍体（高北极）和二倍体（温带）水蚤的生长速度和生活史特征的潜在影响。多倍体克隆在低温（8℃）下较早成熟，但比高温（18℃）下的二倍体克隆晚。与温带的水蚤克隆相比，北极水蚤的少年在低温下具有更高的特异性RNA含量和较高的生长速率。我们假设北极水蚤可以通过增加它们对RNA的资源分配来克服低温和多倍体造成的生长限制。北极人群中多倍体的普遍存在强烈表明，多倍体的潜在弊端通过增加对RNA的资源分配来抵消，即使在低温下也能保持较高的蛋白质合成速率。

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  • 来源
    《Polar biology》 |2010年第9期|P.1255-1262|共8页
  • 作者

    G. J. Van Geest; R. Sachse; M. Brehm; E. Van Donk; D. O. Hessen;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Food Web Studies, Centre for Limnology, NIOO-KNAW, Rijksstraatweg 6, 3631 AC Nieuwersluis, The Netherlands Department of Water Quality and Freshwater Ecosystems, Deltares, P.O. Box 85467, 3508 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands;

    rnTU Dresden, OEkologische Station Neunzehnhain, Neunzehnhainerstr. 14, 09514 Lengefeld, Germany;

    rnDepartment of Food Web Studies, Centre for Limnology, NIOO-KNAW, Rijksstraatweg 6, 3631 AC Nieuwersluis, The Netherlands;

    rnDepartment of Food Web Studies, Centre for Limnology, NIOO-KNAW, Rijksstraatweg 6, 3631 AC Nieuwersluis, The Netherlands Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Palaeoecology, University of Utrecht, Budapestlaan 4, 3584 CD Utrecht, The Netherlands;

    rnDepartment of Biology, Center of Ecological and Evolucionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, Pb. 1064, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    stoichiometry; polyploidy; cold acclimatization;

    机译：化学计量多倍体冷驯化;

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