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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >Not so free range? Oviposition microhabitat and egg clustering affects Eretmoptera murphyi (Diptera: Chironomidae) reproductive success
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Not so free range? Oviposition microhabitat and egg clustering affects Eretmoptera murphyi (Diptera: Chironomidae) reproductive success

机译：没有那么自由范围吗？产卵微生境和卵聚集影响墨ret（Eretmoptera murphyi）（双翅目：Chironomidae）繁殖成功

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摘要

Understanding the physiology of non-native species in Antarctica is key to elucidating their ability to colonise an area, and how they may respond to changes in climate. Eretmoptera murphyi is a chironomid midge introduced to Signy Island (Maritime Antarctic) from South Georgia (Sub-Antarctic) where it is endemic. Here, we explore the tolerance of this species' egg masses to heat and desiccation stress encountered within two different oviposition microhabitats (ground surface vegetation and underlying soil layer). Our data show that, whilst oviposition takes place in both substrates, egg sacs laid individually in soil are at the greatest risk of failing to hatch, whilst those aggregated in the surface vegetation have the lowest risk. The two microhabitats are characterised by significantly different environmental conditions, with greater temperature fluctuations in the surface vegetation, but lower humidity (%RH) and available water content in the soil. Egg sacs were not desiccation resistant and lost water rapidly, with prolonged exposure to 75% RH affecting survival for eggs in singly oviposited egg sacs. In contrast, aggregated egg sacs (n = 10) experienced much lower desiccation rates and survival of eggs remained above 50% in all treatments. Eggs had high heat tolerance in the context of the current microhabitat conditions on Signy. We suggest that the atypical (for this family) use of egg sac aggregation in E. murphyi has developed as a response to environmental stress. Current temperature patterns and extremes on Signy Island are unlikely to affect egg survival, but changes in the frequency and duration of extreme events could be a greater challenge.
机译：了解南极非本地物种的生理状况是阐明其在某个地区定居的能力以及它们如何应对气候变化的关键。 Eretmoptera murphyi是从地方性南佐治亚州（南极洲）引入西尼岛（南极海域）的一种奇虫。在这里，我们探索了该物种的卵团对两种不同产卵微生境（地表植被和下层土壤层）内遇到的热和干燥应力的耐受性。我们的数据表明，虽然在两种基质中都产卵，但单独放置在土壤中的卵囊孵化失败的风险最大，而聚集在表层植被中的卵囊的风险最低。这两个微生境的特征是环境条件明显不同，地表植被的温度波动较大，但土壤的湿度（％RH）和有效水分较低。卵囊不具有抗干燥性，并且水分迅速流失，长时间暴露在75％的相对湿度下会影响卵单卵囊的存活率。相反，在所有处理中，聚集的卵囊（n = 10）的脱水率要低得多，卵的存活率保持在50％以上。在当前Signy的微生境条件下，鸡蛋具有很高的耐热性。我们建议已经将非典型（对于这个家庭）在墨菲大肠杆菌中使用卵囊聚集作为对环境压力的反应。西尼岛当前的温度模式和极端情况不太可能影响卵的存活，但是极端事件发生频率和持续时间的变化可能是一个更大的挑战。

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