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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >Variation of interspecific interactions at different ecological levels within an assemblage of Arctic marine predators
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Variation of interspecific interactions at different ecological levels within an assemblage of Arctic marine predators

机译：北极海洋捕食者集合中不同生态水平的种间相互作用的变化

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How interspecific interactions change across scales is poorly known. Such knowledge might help us understand how species interact within communities and highlight scale-dependent ecological processes in play among species. Here, I propose to analyze the inter-annual variation of a species assemblage at different ecological levels. For this, I joined a two-stage modeling approach and a spatially explicit multivariate model to analyze the interspecies relationships among six species of pelagic seabirds from 2004 to 2015 in the Barents Sea. The large-scale (similar to 400km) pattern of interactions revealed by the analyses suggests a change in the composition of the seabird community along the climatic gradient from south to north. At medium-scale (similar to 300km), the community was split into two areas (i.e., Arctic and sub-Arctic areas) suggesting niche differentiation of Arctic and sub-Arctic species driven by resource partitioning and interference competition. At a small-scale (similar to 40km), species with different body sizes were positively associated suggesting facilitation for accessing food although the species with the smallest body size was negatively associated with the species involved in the facilitation process suggesting interspecific interference competition. Over the years, the large-scale patterns were persistent, suggesting niche establishment, while small-scale patterns were highly variable suggesting only ephemeral interactions among species. My study demonstrates that interspecific relationships are scale-dependent and play major roles in structuring community. Untangling how species are associated with different ecological levels over time is indispensable to better understand how community structure contributes to ecological system dynamics.
机译：种间相互作用如何跨尺度变化鲜为人知。这些知识可能有助于我们了解物种在社区内的相互作用方式，并突出物种间相互作用的规模依赖性生态过程。在这里，我建议分析不同生态水平下物种集合的年际变化。为此，我加入了两阶段建模方法和空间显式多元模型，以分析2004年至2015年在巴伦支海的6种中上层海鸟之间的种间关系。分析揭示的大规模（约400 km）相互作用模式表明，海鸟群落的组成沿南北向气候梯度变化。在中等规模（约300公里），该社区被分为两个区域（即北极和亚北极地区），这表明资源分配和干扰竞争驱动了北极和亚北极物种的生态位分化。在小规模（约40公里）处，具有不同体型的物种呈正相关关系，这表明获取食物的便利性，尽管具有最小体型的物种与参与促进过程的物种呈负相关性，表明种间干扰竞争。多年以来，大规模模式是持久的，表明利基建立，而小型模式是高度可变的，表明物种之间只有短暂的相互作用。我的研究表明，种间关系是规模依赖的，并在构建社区中起主要作用。为了更好地了解社区结构如何促进生态系统动态，必不可少地弄清物种如何随时间与不同的生态水平相关联。

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