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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >Mitogenomic data to study the taxonomy of Antarctic springtail species (Hexapoda: Collembola) and their adaptation to extreme environments
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Mitogenomic data to study the taxonomy of Antarctic springtail species (Hexapoda: Collembola) and their adaptation to extreme environments

机译：线粒体数据，用于研究南极跳尾物种的分类学（六足目：Collembola）及其对极端环境的适应性

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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes for proteins mainly involved in the oxidative phosphorylation process, and due to its molecular features, it is one of the most used molecular markers for phylogenetic and taxonomic purposes. Since mitochondria are the primary source of energy for aerobic organisms, it has been suggested that modifications of the mitochondrial genome's features could be linked with major adaptive processes to particular environmental conditions. In this respect, Antarctic Collembola (springtails) may be considered an interesting model to study whether positive selective pressure has occurred, inducing significant changes in the mtDNA characteristics that have eventually led to cold adaptation. In this study, we describe the molecular features of the mitochondrial genome of Cryptopygus terranovus, a springtail species endemic to Victoria Land. Molecular data are also employed to support the new taxonomic placement of C. terranovus, and to establish if the conspecific lineages of Friesea antarctica, that lives in separated biogeographical regions of the Antarctic Continent, are indeed distinct species. Finally, all the mitochondrial genomes of springtails, so far sequenced, were applied for calculating the ratio () of nonsynonymous versus synonymous nucleotide substitutions. This approach allowed us to investigate if Antarctic collembolans could have experienced Darwinian selective pressures compared to the non-Antarctic springtail species. Indeed, our data does indicate positive selection (1), suggesting that survival at extreme environmental conditions could be also related to mtDNA modifications.
机译：线粒体DNA（mtDNA）编码主要参与氧化磷酸化过程的蛋白质，由于其分子特征，它是用于系统发生和分类学目的最常用的分子标记之一。由于线粒体是有氧生物的主要能源，因此有人提出，线粒体基因组特征的修饰可能与针对特定环境条件的主要适应性过程有关。在这方面，可以将南极Collembola（跳尾）视为研究正选择性压力是否发生的诱人模型，从而引起mtDNA特性的重大变化，最终导致冷适应。在这项研究中，我们描述了土生隐孢子虫隐孢子虫线粒体基因组的分子特征，隐孢子虫是维多利亚州特有的一种。分子数据也被用来支持新的C. terranovus生物分类学，并确定生活在南极大陆不同生物地理区域的南极弗里斯氏菌的同种谱系是否确实是不同的物种。最后，将迄今已测序的所有跳尾线粒体基因组用于计算非同义与同义核苷酸取代的比率（）。这种方法使我们能够研究与非南极跳尾物种相比，南极collembolans是否可能经历了达尔文的选择压力。确实，我们的数据确实表明存在阳性选择（> 1），这表明在极端环境条件下的生存也可能与mtDNA修饰有关。

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