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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >Halcampulactidae (Actiniaria, Actinostoloidea), a new family of burrowing sea anemones with external brooding from Antarctica
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Halcampulactidae (Actiniaria, Actinostoloidea), a new family of burrowing sea anemones with external brooding from Antarctica

机译：Halcampulactidae（Actiniaria，Actinostolidea），一系列新的穴居海葵，南极洲外部育雏

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摘要

Brooding is known for at least 57 species within Actiniaria, making it a rare phenomenon among the approximately 1100 described species in the order. Within the order, brooders are known from taxonomically disparate groups in both suborders (Anenthemonae and Enthemonae) and all superfamilies except for Actinernoidea. Two-thirds of brooders do so internally and have a pan-latitudinal distribution whereas external brooders show a disproportionate diversity in the poles, particularly in the Southern Ocean. Here, we describe Halcampulactidae fam. nov., a new family of burrowing sea anemones from Antarctica characterized by a novel combination of morphological features: twelve mesenteries (eight macrocnemes and four microcnemes) and invaginations of the oral disc similar to glandular sacs of Oractiidae Riemann-Zurneck (Polar Biol 23:604-608, 2000) hypothesized to brood offspring. Halcampulactidae fam. nov. is the first endemic family from Antarctica and Halcampulactis solimar sp. nov. is the 11th species of sea anemone with parental care recorded from Antarctica; it is also the first burrowing anemone with external brooding from the Southern Ocean, representing the second instance of external brooding on the oral disc within the order Actiniaria. In addition, we use molecular evidence to establish the phylogenetic position of the new family within the order; Halcampulactidae fam. nov. is the first burrowing family within the superfamily Actinostoloidea. We discuss the evolution of external brooding within the superfamily in light of these new findings.
机译：沉重的Actiniaria中至少有57种，使其在秩序中的约1100种物种中具有罕见的现象。在该订单中，育雏者从分类学（Anenthemonae和Enthemonae）中的分类学分散群体和除Aftinernoidea除外的所有超级群体。三分之二的育雏者在内部这样做并进行了泛纬度的分配，而外部育雏者则表现出杆子的不成比例的多样性，特别是在南洋的侧面。在这里，我们描述了Halcampulactidae Fam。 11月。，来自南极洲的新家族，其来自南极洲的新型形态特征的组合：12个肠系膜（八个宏观肠和四个微管）以及类似于oractiidae riemann-zurneck的口腔囊的口腔圆盘（极性Biol 23： 604-608,2000）假设以托管后代。 Halcampulactidae Fam。 11月。是来自南极洲和Halcampulactis Somar SP的第一个特有的家族。 11月。是来自南极洲的父母护理的第11种海葵;它也是第一个来自南洋外部育雏的挖洞海葵，代表了在Actiniaia的阶层内的口腔盘上的第二个外部沉思。此外，我们使用分子证据在订单中建立新家庭的系统发育位置; Halcampulactidae Fam。 11月。是Superfamily Actinostolidea内的第一个挖洞家族。根据这些新发现，我们讨论了超家族内外育雏的演变。

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  • 来源
    《Polar biology》 |2019年第7期|1271-1286|共16页
  • 作者

    Gusmao L. C.; Berniker L.; Van Deusen V.; Harris O.; Rodriguez E.;

  • 作者单位

    Amer Museum Nat Hist Div Invertebrate Zool Cent Pk West 79th St New York NY 10024 USA;

    Amer Museum Nat Hist Div Invertebrate Zool Cent Pk West 79th St New York NY 10024 USA;

    Amer Museum Nat Hist Div Invertebrate Zool Cent Pk West 79th St New York NY 10024 USA;

    Bucknell Univ 701 Moore Ave Lewisburg PA 17837 USA;

    Amer Museum Nat Hist Div Invertebrate Zool Cent Pk West 79th St New York NY 10024 USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Parental care; Reproduction; Taxonomy; Hexacorallia; Southern ocean;

    机译：父母护理;繁殖;分类;六世;南海;

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