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首页> 外文期刊>Polar biology >Reproductive natural history of endangered Cook Inlet Beluga whales: insights from a long-term photo-identification study
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Reproductive natural history of endangered Cook Inlet Beluga whales: insights from a long-term photo-identification study

机译：濒危厨师入口的生殖自然历史Beluga Whales：来自长期照片识别研究的见解

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摘要

Beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) occur broadly throughout the polar and subpolar regions of the Northern Hemisphere, and as a whole, the species is of low conservation concern. However, some populations, including Alaska's Cook Inlet beluga whales (CIBW), are in decline for reasons that remain poorly understood. Currently, information on population-specific reproductive parameters of CIBW is non-existent. To address this data gap, we examined long-term photo-identification data of CIBW for insight into the reproductive natural history of this endangered subarctic population. Data are from 438 photo-ID surveys conducted 2005-2017 and over 400 identified individuals, augmented with data from strandings, biopsies, and tagging. During the April-October ice-free field season, we observed neonates July-October but never April-June. We photo-documented three suspected births during July-September. Neonates were present in 30% of groups and encountered and comprised 2% of all belugas observed. Over the course of the 13-year study, the number of calves seen with an individual mother ranged from 1 to 5, with inter-birth intervals ranging from 2 to 13 years. This corresponds to rates of 0.08-0.38 calves per year per mother. Known-aged mothers ranged in age from 13 to 31 years. Skin color was not a reliable indicator of sexual maturity. Calves photographed alongside their mothers were estimated to be 1-8 years old, although most were 1-4 years old. Some mothers (6%) were accompanied by a neonate and an older calf. These summaries of observational data provide critical insight into CIBW reproductive natural history that will inform future population modeling and management decision-making.
机译：Beluga Whales（Delphinaperus Leucas）在北半球的极地和亚基地区的广泛发生，整体而言，这些物种具有较低的守恒问题。然而，一些人口包括阿拉斯加的厨师入口Beluga Whales（Cibw），因仍然明白的原因而下降。目前，关于CIBW的人口特异性生殖参数的信息是不存在的。为了解决这一数据差距，我们检查了CIBW的长期照片识别数据，以了解这种濒危亚科尔中群的生殖自然历史。数据来自438个照片ID调查2005-2017和超过400个鉴定的个体，以来自绞线，活组织检查和标记的数据增强。在4月10日冰场赛季，我们观察了7月至10月的新生儿，但从未4月至6月。我们在7月至9月期间为3次涉嫌出生进行照片。新生儿在30％的群体中存在并遇到并占所有观察到的白鲸的2％。在13年的研究过程中，用个体母亲看到的小腿数量从1到5个，出生间隔为2到13岁。这对应于每位母亲每年0.08-0.38犊牛的率。已知的母亲从13岁到31年的年龄范围。肤色不是性成熟的可靠指标。犊牛拍下的母亲估计为1-8岁，虽然大多数年龄在1-4岁。有些母亲（6％）伴随着一个新生儿和较老的小牛。这些观察数据的摘要提供了对Cibw生殖自然历史的关键洞察，以为未来的人口建模和管理决策提供信息。

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