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Tendons and ligaments of the Rangifer tarandus metapodial and hoof

机译：Rangifer Tarandus Metapodial和Hoof的肌腱和韧带

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摘要

Rangifer tarandus, the northern species including both reindeer and caribou, is a pillar of northern ecosystems and the lives of northern peoples. As the only domestic cervid, reindeer are important not only to the herders and hunters who presently interact with them, but also to zooarchaeologists and palaeontologists tracing their histories. Unfortunately, limited anatomical information on Rangifer tarandus muscles is available beyond descriptions of the large muscle groups. The lower limb and hoof in particular is poorly documented. This is problematic, as this important body part has the potential to be informative in zooarchaeological analyses of habitual activity, especially in regards to historical animal health, movement, and habitual activity. Better understanding of the hoof can additionally be useful to herders and veterinarians seeking to provide veterinary care for living animals. This study has used dissections and comparisons of the reindeer hoof with other domestic ungulates to document both the common and unique structures in Rangifer tarandus hooves, including the presence and attachment points of these structures. As these structures have proved unique, especially in regards to the dewclaw, it is important that other ungulates not be used exclusively in the analysis of Rangifer tarandus remains.
机译：Rangifer Tarandus，北部物种包括驯鹿和驯鹿，是北部生态系统的支柱和北方人民的生活。作为唯一的家长，驯鹿不仅是目前与他们互动的牧民和猎人，也很重要，也很重要，而且对ZooSarchaeologistor和古生物学家追踪他们的历史。不幸的是，有关Rangifer Tarandus肌肉的有限解剖信息可以超出大肌肉群的描述。下肢和蹄特别记录。这是有问题的，因为这个重要的身体部位有可能在习惯活动的ZooAceoological分析中提供信息，特别是在历史动物健康，运动和习惯活动方面。更好地了解蹄子可以对牧民和兽医寻求提供兽医护理的牧民和兽医。本研究使用了驯鹿蹄与其他国内无限制的解剖和比较，以记录Rangifer Tarandus Hooves中的共同和独特的结构，包括这些结构的存在和附着点。由于这些结构被证明是独特的，特别是关于德沃行为，因此重要的是，其他不受同类的非化学物质在分析Rangifer Tarandus仍然存在。

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