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Bringing Incapacity Benefit numbers down: to what extent do women need a different approach?

机译：降低丧失工作能力津贴的数量：妇女在何种程度上需要采取其他方法？

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摘要

The dominant narrative used to explain the big rise in Incapacity Benefit (IB) numbers across Britain is essentially about men. The collapse of male employment in older industries, mostly in the North, Scotland and Wales, led to the emergence of a cohort of mainly older, less healthy men who accessed IB instead of unemployment benefits. What this overlooks is that among the undcr-60s the number of women claiming IB now almost equals the number of men. In view of the long-term increase in employment opportunities for women, the similarity in IB numbers is at first sight surprising. Does this mean that bringing down the number of women on IB requires a different approach? The article draws on evidence from a survey of men and women claiming IB, in-depth interviews with claimants and professional stakeholders and secondary data analysis. The identical geography of male and female IB claimants suggests that a weak aggregate demand for labour is through time transmitted, via labour market sorting processes, to exclude from employment the most disadvantaged in terms of skills and health, irrespective of gender. The article highlights important similarities between the men and women claiming IB but also a number of distinctive issues affecting women, including the roles of increased labour market participation, lone parenthood and the impact of benefit rules. It is concluded that a package of economic regeneration and supply-side interventions will bring down the number of both men and women claiming IB.
机译：用来解释整个英国丧失工作能力（IB）人数大量增加的主要叙述基本上是关于男性的。较老的行业（主要在北部，苏格兰和威尔士）的男性就业崩溃，导致出现了一群主要是年龄较大，健康状况较差的男性，他们获得了IB而不是失业救济。这就忽略了在undcr-60年代中声称拥有IB的女性人数几乎等于男性的人数。鉴于妇女就业机会的长期增加，乍看之下IB人数的相似性令人惊讶。这是否意味着减少参加IB的女性人数需要采取不同的方法？本文借鉴了对声称拥有IB的男女的调查，与索赔人和专业利益相关者的深入访谈以及辅助数据分析的证据。男性和女性IB索赔人的地理位置相同，这表明对劳动力的总需求疲软是通过劳动力市场分类过程的时间传递，从而将技能和健康方面最弱势的群体排除在就业之外，而不论性别。这篇文章着重强调了申请IB的男女之间的重要相似之处，还强调了一些影响妇女的独特问题，包括增加的劳动力市场参与，孤独的父母身份和福利规则的影响。结论是，一揽子经济复兴和供应方干预将减少主张IB的男女人数。

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  • 来源
    《Policy Studies》 |2010年第2期|p.143-162|共20页
  • 作者

    C. Beatty; S. Fothergill; D. Houston; R. Powell;

  • 作者单位

    Centre for Regional Economic and Social Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK;

    Centre for Regional Economic and Social Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK;

    Department of Geography, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK;

    Centre for Regional Economic and Social Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    gender; health; unemployment; United Kingdom; welfare reform;

    机译：性别;健康;失业;英国;社会福利改革;

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