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Leadership challenges in the inner city: planning for sustainable regeneration in Birmingham and Barcelona

机译：内城的领导挑战：伯明翰和巴塞罗那的可持续再生规划

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Approaches to inner-city regeneration in Britain, Europe and North America have evolved since the 1980s to reflect greater priority on diversity of activities and more sustainable development. This has in turn posed new challenges for leadership in place-shaping and highlighted the need for different sets of skills, aptitudes and values than those which prevailed in the 1980s and 90s. This article examines how planners and policy-makers in Birmingham and Barcelona have tackled these challenges in the creation of new urban districts. It shows that while top-down approaches still prevail in both cities, leaders in Barcelona have been able to adapt more readily to the demands of a new era. In Birmingham, policymakers have struggled to break free of the more traditional approach that suited the city well in the 1980s but is less conducive to sustainable place-making challenges in the present day. This divergence of experience can be explained by several factors, most notably the institutional framework within which leaders operate and the prevailing planning culture rooted in the cities' pasts. The findings point to the need for this cultural influence to be taken into account in the forging of new leadership approaches in urban regeneration contexts.
机译：自1980年代以来，英国，欧洲和北美的城市内部更新方法不断发展，以反映出人们对活动多样性和更可持续发展的重视。反过来，这给地方塑造方面的领导提出了新的挑战，并强调了与1980年代和90年代盛行的技能，才能和价值观不同的需要。本文探讨了伯明翰和巴塞罗那的规划者和决策者如何应对创建新市区的挑战。它表明，尽管自上而下的方法在两个城市仍然盛行，但巴塞罗那的领导人已经能够更轻松地适应新时代的要求。在伯明翰，政策制定者一直在努力摆脱传统方法的束缚，这种方法在1980年代非常适合该城市，但目前不利于可持续的场所挑战。经验的差异可以由几个因素来解释，最主要的是领导者运作所在的体制框架以及植根于城市过去的普遍规划文化。研究结果表明，在城市更新的背景下，建立新的领导方式时必须考虑这种文化影响。

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