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首页> 外文期刊>Policy Studies >GLOBALISATION/COMMODIFICATION OR DEGLOBALISATION/ DECOMMODIFICATION IN URBAN SOUTH AFRICA
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GLOBALISATION/COMMODIFICATION OR DEGLOBALISATION/ DECOMMODIFICATION IN URBAN SOUTH AFRICA

机译：南非城市化的全球化/商品化或去全球化/去商品化

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摘要

The main trends in contemporary South African urban policy were set before the end of apartheid, when market logic was adopted with the assistance of the World Bank. Once in power, the African National Congress amplified this logic in several crucial respects, as witnessed in the 1994 housing and 1998 municipal government policies. Those policies failed to address long-standing deficiencies in housing finance, services provision, land distribution, residential segregation and the like. The government is, hence, dealing an intense popular backlash partly characterised by 'IMF Riot' reactions, and partly by highly organised, ideologically sophisticated, sustained resistance. The protests began in earnest in 1997, but in 1999 began to take an organisational form that may ultimately presage a new political party. The style, rhetoric and programme of the urban protests are consistent with other international movements associated with the 'decommodification' of services and the 'deglobalisation' of capital. One result of the backlash, in 2000, was the government's election-time promise of 'free basic services' to municipal residents. However, as witnessed in the case of Johannesburg, the turn from neoliberalism is not complete, and struggles continue over services disconnections, pre-paid meters and the shape of water tariffs.
机译：当代南非城市政策的主要趋势是在种族隔离制度结束之前确定的，当时在世界银行的帮助下采用了市场逻辑。一旦执政，非洲人国民大会就在几个关键方面放大了这一逻辑，正如1994年住房政策和1998年市政政府政策所证明的那样。这些政策未能解决住房融资，服务提供，土地分配，住房隔离等方面的长期缺陷。因此，政府正在引起强烈的民众反响，其部分特征是“ IMF暴动”反应，部分是高度组织化，意识形态复杂的持久抵抗。抗议活动从1997年开始认真进行，但在1999年开始采取组织形式，最终可能会预示着一个新的政党的到来。城市抗议活动的风格，言辞和程序与与服务的“非商品化”和资本的“去全球化”相关的其他国际运动是一致的。这种抵制的结果是在2000年，政府在选举时承诺向市政居民提供“免费的基本服务”。但是，正如约翰内斯堡的情况所证明的那样，新自由主义的转变还不完全，围绕服务中断，预付费水表和水价形式的斗争仍在继续。

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