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Tied farmworkers in free markets: congressional hearing debates on the roles of market and state from 1995 to 2012

机译:自由市场上的绑架农民工:1995年至2012年的国会听证会,讨论市场和国家的作用

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摘要

Within the larger immigration reform debate in the U.S., the nature of guestworker policies and the fate of undocumented farmworkers have occupied Congressional attention for over two decades. Farm employers have repeatedly come before Congress to seek change in the H-2A Temporary Agricultural Program; actors also debate the conditions or existence of a path to legalization for undocumented farmworkers. This article analyses transcripts of hearings in the U.S. Congress on these issues and connections between frames speakers utilize and the role of the state in labour supply and demand in the agriculture sector. Policy actors deploy free market frames to advance policies that actually reflect state roles in constructing markets rather than interference-free competition. Their discourse reveals that, as H-2A and immigration enforcement affects labour supply, policy changes expectations of employers and some Members of Congress for the labour market. They seek policies to respond not only to labor shortages, but to specific worker characteristics they seek in a labour force. This constructed labour demand is reflected in themes of ties to work, who will or will not take and perform well in farm jobs, and experience.
机译:在美国进行的规模更大的移民改革辩论中,来宾政策的性质和无证件的农场工人的命运在过去的二十多年中一直受到国会的关注。农场老板曾多次来到国会寻求改变H-2A临时农业计划。参与者还对无证农民工是否合法化的条件或存在的途径进行辩论。本文分析了美国国会在这些问题上的听证笔录,以及演讲者利用的框架之间的联系以及国家在农业部门劳动力供求中的作用。政策参与者部署自由市场框架来推进实际上反映国家在构建市场中的角色而不是无干扰竞争的政策。他们的论述表明,由于H-2A和移民执法会影响劳动力供应,因此政策改变了雇主和部分国会议员对劳动力市场的期望。他们寻求政策,不仅要解决劳动力短缺问题,还要解决他们在劳动力中寻求的特定工人特征。这种建设性的劳动力需求体现在工作联系的主题上,他们愿意或不愿意在农业工作中表现出色,并且经验丰富。

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