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首页> 外文期刊>Polish Maritime Research >PROBLEMS OF THE STARTING AND OPERATING OF HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS IN LOW AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (PART IV) MODELLING THE HEATING PROCESS AND DETERMINING THE SERVICEABILITY OF HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS DURING THE STARTING-UP IN LOW AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
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PROBLEMS OF THE STARTING AND OPERATING OF HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS IN LOW AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (PART IV) MODELLING THE HEATING PROCESS AND DETERMINING THE SERVICEABILITY OF HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS DURING THE STARTING-UP IN LOW AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

机译：在低环境温度下启动和操作液压组件和系统的问题（第四部分）在低环境温度下启动过程中对加热过程进行建模并确定液压组件的可维修性

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摘要

Designers of hydraulically driven machines and devices are obliged to ensure during design process their high service life with taking into account their operational conditions. Some of the machines may be started in low ambient temperature and even in thermal shock conditions (due to delivering hot working medium to cold components). In order to put such devices into operation appropriate investigations, including experimental ones -usually very expensive and time-consuming, are carried out. For this reason numerical calculations can be used to determine serviceability of a hydraulic component or system operating in thermal shock conditions. Application of numerical calculation methods is much less expensive in comparison to experimental ones. This paper presents a numerical calculation method which makes it possible to solve issues of heat exchange in elements of investigated hydraulic components by using finite elements method. For performing the simulations the following data are necessary: ambient temperature, oil temperature, heat transfer coefficient between oil and surfaces of elements, as well as areas of surfaces being in contact with oil. By means of computer simulation method values of clearance between cooperating elements as well as ranges of parameters of correct and incorrect operation of hydraulic components have been determined. In this paper results of computer simulation of some experimentally tested hydraulic components such as axial piston pump and proportional spool valve, are presented. The computer simulation results were compared with the experimental ones and high conformity was obtained.
机译：液压驱动的机器和设备的设计者必须在设计过程中考虑其运行条件，以确保其较高的使用寿命。某些机器可能在低环境温度甚至热冲击条件下启动（由于将热的工作介质输送到冷的部件）。为了使这样的设备投入运行，进行了适当的研究，包括实验的研究，通常是非常昂贵和费时的。因此，数值计算可用于确定在热冲击条件下运行的液压组件或系统的可维修性。与实验方法相比，数值计算方法的应用要便宜得多。本文提出了一种数值计算方法，该方法可以通过使用有限元方法解决液压元件的热交换问题。为了进行仿真，需要以下数据：环境温度，油温，油与元件表面之间的传热系数以及与油接触的表面面积。通过计算机仿真方法，已确定了协作元件之间的间隙值以及液压组件正确和错误操作的参数范围。本文介绍了一些轴向测试的液压元件，例如轴向柱塞泵和比例滑阀的计算机仿真结果。将计算机仿真结果与实验结果进行比较，得出了较高的一致性。

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