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Cell capacitor sizing in multilevel converters: cases of the modular multilevel converter and alternate arm converter

机译:多电平转换器中的单元电容器尺寸:模块化多电平转换器和备用臂式转换器的情况

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摘要

Multilevel converters, such as the modular multilevel converter (MMC) or the alternate arm converter (AAC), rely on charged capacitors in their cells to generate their AC voltage waveform. Since the cell capacitors are physically large and occupy approximately half the cell volume, their capacitance must be kept minimal while limiting the voltage fluctuation caused by the current passing periodically through these capacitors. This study proposes a mathematical model which estimates the energy deviation for the stacks of both the MMC and the AAC during steady-state operation under any power factor and for AC voltage magnitude fluctuation of up to ±10%. The analysis is then used to calculate the minimum size for the cell capacitors in order to keep their voltage fluctuation within set boundaries for both topologies. The results show that the MMC requires 39 kJ/MVA of capacitive energy storage under sinusoidal modulation but this reduces with triplen injection modulation. The AAC has a lower requirement for storage in its cells of 11 kJ/MVA but the AAC has a six-pulse DC current ripple which requires a filter estimated to have a further 33% capacitive storage.
机译:诸如模块式多级转换器(MMC)或备用臂式转换器(AAC)之类的多级转换器依靠其单元中的充电电容器来生成其AC电压波形。由于单元电容器的物理尺寸很大,并且大约占单元体积的一半,因此必须保持其电容最小,同时限制由周期性流过这些电容器的电流引起的电压波动。这项研究提出了一个数学模型,该模型可以估计在任何功率因数下以及稳态交流电压幅度波动最大为±10%的情况下,MMC和AAC电池组的能量偏差。然后,该分析用于计算单元电容器的最小尺寸,以将其电压波动保持在两种拓扑的设定边界内。结果表明,MMC在正弦调制下需要39 kJ / MVA的电容性能量存储,但是随着三重态注入调制的出现,这种电容值会降低。 AAC对其单元中的存储要求较低,为11 kJ / MVA,但AAC具有六脉冲DC电流纹波,这要求滤波器估计具有33%的电容存储。

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