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The role of taste in food selection by African apes: implications for niche separation and overlap in tropical forests

机译：品味在非洲猿类食物选择中的作用：对生态系统中生态位分离和重叠的影响

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Ripe fruit eating shapes the behavior of most of the apes. Gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are very different sizes and, consequently, have been traditionally viewed as ecologically distinct, but few studies have explored the behavioral and physiological foundations of their diets. Debate continues on the extent that large-bodied gorillas may be less selective and more opportunistic fruit eaters than chimpanzees. Taste responses have been predicted to relate to body size and digestive strategies. This study employs laboratory research on taste perception and discrimination among captive zoo-housed chimpanzees and relates it to previous work on gorillas to better characterize diets and niche separation among these apes. During the captive trials, differences were recorded in consumption patterns of water and varying concentrations of dilute aqueous fructose (sweet) and tannic acid solutions (astringent), compounds commonly found in wild foods. The chimpanzees exhibited similar preference thresholds for fructose (50 mM) to other primates studied. They exhibited slightly lower inhibition thresholds for tannic acid solutions than gorillas, but higher than smaller primates studied to date. These preliminary findings suggest that tannin tolerance may well be mediated by body size, though possible species differences in salivary proteins or other sensory differences remain to be explored. This research furthers our efforts to understand the roles of body size and physiological adaptations in shaping diet and niche separation of chimpanzees and gorillas.
机译：进食成熟的水果会影响大多数猿类的行为。大猩猩（大猩猩大猩猩）和黑猩猩（盘尾猿）大小不同，因此传统上被视为生态上截然不同，但很少有研究探索其饮食的行为和生理基础。关于大猩猩的选择性可能比黑猩猩低，且吃水果的机会更多，因此辩论仍在继续。据预测，味觉反应与体重和消化策略有关。这项研究采用实验室研究来圈养动物园饲养的黑猩猩之间的味觉感知和歧视，并将其与以前关于大猩猩的研究联系起来，以更好地表征这些猿猴的饮食和生态位分离。在圈养试验中，记录了水的消耗方式和稀果糖水溶液（甜味）和单宁酸溶液（收敛剂）（野生食品中常见的化合物）浓度不同的差异。黑猩猩对果糖（50 mM）表现出与其他灵长类相似的偏好阈值。它们对鞣酸溶液的抑制阈值比大猩猩略低，但比迄今为止研究的较小的灵长类动物高。这些初步发现表明，尽管唾液蛋白可能存在物种差异或其他感觉差异，但人体大小可能很好地介导了单宁耐受性。这项研究使我们进一步努力了解体型和生理适应在塑造黑猩猩和大猩猩的饮食和小生境分离中的作用。

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