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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers. Water Management >Using remotely sensed data to support flood modelling
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Using remotely sensed data to support flood modelling

机译：使用遥感数据支持洪水建模

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Recent severe flooding in the UK has highlighted the need for better information on flood risk, increasing the pressure on engineers to enhance the capabilities of computer models for flood prediction. This paper evaluates the benefits to be gained from the use of remotely sensed data to support flood modelling. The remotely sensed data available can be used either to produce high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs) (light detection and ranging (Lidar) data), or to generate accurate inundation mapping of past flood events (airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data and aerial photography). The paper reports on the modelling of real flood events that occurred at two UK sites on the rivers Severn and Ouse. At these sites a combination of remotely sensed data and recorded hydrographs was available. It is concluded first that light detection and ranging Lidar generated DTMs support the generation of considerably better models and enhance the visualisation of model results and second that flood outlines obtained from airborne SAR or aerial images help develop an appreciation of the hydraulic behaviour of important model components, and facilitate model validation. The need for further research is highlighted by a number of limitations, namely: the difficulties in obtaining an adequate representation of hydraulically important features such as embankment crests and walls; uncertainties in the validation data; and difficulties in extracting flood outlines from airborne SAR images in urban areas.
机译：英国最近发生的严重洪灾突显了对洪水风险的更好信息的需求，这增加了工程师增强计算机模型的洪水预测能力的压力。本文评估了使用遥感数据支持洪水建模所获得的收益。可用的遥感数据可用于生成高分辨率数字地形模型（DTM）（光检测和测距（激光雷达）数据），或用于生成过去洪水事件的准确淹没图（机载合成孔径雷达（SAR）数据）和航空摄影）。该论文报告了在塞文河和乌斯河两个英国站点发生的真实洪水事件的建模。在这些地点，可以将遥感数据和记录的水文图结合起来。结论是，首先，光检测和测距激光雷达生成的DTM支持生成更好的模型，并增强了模型结果的可视化；其次，从机载SAR或航拍图像获得的洪水轮廓有助于对重要模型组件的水力行为进行评估。 ，并促进模型验证。诸多局限性凸显了进一步研究的必要性，即：难以获得对重要水力特征（如路堤顶和墙）的充分表现；验证数据的不确定性；在城市地区从机载SAR图像中提取洪水轮廓的困难。

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