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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >The chemistry of gamete attraction: chemical structures, biosynthesis, and (a)biotic degradation of algal pheromones.
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The chemistry of gamete attraction: chemical structures, biosynthesis, and (a)biotic degradation of algal pheromones.

机译：配子吸引的化学作用：藻类信息素的化学结构，生物合成和（a）生物降解。

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摘要

Female gametes of marine brown algae release and/or attract their conspecific males by chemical signals. The majority of these compounds are unsaturated, nonfunctionalized acyclic, and/or alicyclic C11 hydrocarbons. Threshold concentrations for release and attraction are generally observed in the range of 1-1000 pmol. The blends may contain various configurational isomers of the genuine pheromones as well as mixtures of enantiomers. Higher plants produce the C11 hydrocarbons from dodeca-3,6,9-trienoic acid; brown algae exploit the family of icosanoids for biosynthesis of the same compounds. The biosynthetic routes comprise several spontaneously occurring pericyclic reactions such as [3.3]-sigmatropic rearrangements, [1.7]-hydrogen shifts, and electrocyclic ring closures. All pheromones are (a)biotically degraded by ubiquitous oxidative pathways involving singlet oxygen or hydroxyl radicals, which may be produced through the agency of heavy metals, huminic acids, or light.
机译：海洋褐藻的雌配子通过化学信号释放和/或吸引其同种雄性。这些化合物中的大多数是不饱和，非官能化的无环和/或脂环式C11烃。通常观察到释放和吸引的阈值浓度为1-1000 pmol。该共混物可包含真正信息素的各种构型异构体以及对映异构体的混合物。高等植物从十二碳3,6,9-三烯酸生产C11烃;褐藻利用类二十烷酸类生物合成相同的化合物。生物合成途径包括几种自发发生的环周反应，例如[3.3]-σ重排，[1.7]-氢位移和电环闭合。所有信息素都通过涉及单线态氧或羟基的普遍存在的氧化途径被生物降解，这可能是通过重金属，腐殖酸或光的作用而产生的。

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