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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Polydnavirus-facilitated endoparasite protection against host immune defenses.
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Polydnavirus-facilitated endoparasite protection against host immune defenses.

机译：Polydnavirus促进了针对宿主免疫防御的体内寄生虫保护。

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摘要

The polydnavirus of Campoletis sonorensis has evolved with an unusual life cycle in which the virus exists as an obligate symbiont with the parasite insect and causes significant physiological and developmental alterations in the parasite's host. The segmented polydnavirus genome consists of double-stranded superhelical molecules; each segment is apparently integrated into the chromosomal DNA of each male and female wasp. The virus replicates in the nucleus of calyx cells and is secreted into the oviduct. When the virus is transferred to the host insect during oviposition, gene expression induces host immunosuppression and developmental arrest, which ensures successful development of the immature endoparasite. In the host, polydnavirus expression is detected by 2 hr and during endoparasite development. Most of the abundantly expressed viral genes expressed very early after parasitization belong to multigene families. Among these families, the "cysteine-rich" gene family is the most studied, and it may be important in inducing host manifestations resulting in parasite survival. This gene family is characterized by a similar gene structure with introns at comparable positions within the 5' untranslated sequence and just 5' to a specific cysteine codon (*C) within a cysteine motif, C-*C-CC-C-C. Another unusual feature is that the nucleotide sequences of introns 2 in the subfamily WHv1.0/WHv1.6 are more conserved than those of the flanking exons. The structures of these viral genes and possible functions for their encoded protein are considered within the context of their endoparasite and virus strategy for genetic adaptation and successful parasitization.
机译：樟脑弯曲杆菌的多核病毒具有异常的生命周期，其中该病毒作为寄生虫昆虫的专性共生体存在，并在寄生虫的宿主中引起显着的生理和发育改变。分段的聚腺病毒基因组由双链超螺旋分子组成。每个片段显然都整合到每个雄性和雌性黄蜂的染色体DNA中。病毒在花萼细胞核中复制，并分泌到输卵管中。当在产卵期间将病毒转移到宿主昆虫时，基因表达会诱导宿主免疫抑制和发育停滞，从而确保未成熟内寄生物的成功发育。在宿主中，在2小时内和体内寄生虫发育过程中检测到多核病毒的表达。寄生后很早表达的大多数大量表达的病毒基因都属于多基因家族。在这些家族中，“富含半胱氨酸”的基因家族是研究最多的，在诱导宿主表现导致寄生虫存活方面可能很重要。该基因家族的特征是具有相似的基因结构，其内含子在5'非翻译序列内的相当位置，而在半胱氨酸基序C- * C-CC-C-C内仅5'到特定的半胱氨酸密码子（* C）。另一个不寻常的特征是，亚家族WHv1.0 / WHv1.6中内含子2的核苷酸序列比侧翼外显子更保守。这些病毒基因的结构及其编码蛋白的可能功能在其体内寄生虫和病毒策略中被考虑，以实现遗传适应和成功的寄生。

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