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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Parameters affecting conscious versus unconscious visual discrimination with damage to the visual cortex (V1).
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Parameters affecting conscious versus unconscious visual discrimination with damage to the visual cortex (V1).

机译：影响有意识和无意识视觉辨别力并损害视皮质（V1）的参数。

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摘要

When the visual (striate) cortex (V1) is damaged in human subjects, cortical blindness results in the contralateral visual half field. Nevertheless, under some experimental conditions, subjects demonstrate a capacity to make visual discriminations in the blind hemifield (blindsight), even though they have no phenomenal experience of seeing. This capacity must, therefore, be mediated by parallel projections to other brain areas. It is also the case that some subjects have conscious residual vision in response to fast moving stimuli or sudden changes in light flux level presented to the blind hemifield, characterized by a contentless kind of awareness, a feeling of something happening, albeit not normal seeing. The relationship between these two modes of discrimination has never been studied systematically. We examine, in the same experiment, both the unconscious discrimination and the conscious visual awareness of moving stimuli in a subject with unilateral damage to V1. The results demonstrate an excellent capacity to discriminate motion direction and orientation in the absence of acknowledged perceptual awareness. Discrimination of the stimulus parameters for acknowledged awareness apparently follows a different functional relationship with respect to stimulus speed, displacement, and stimulus contrast. As performance in the two modes can be quantitatively matched, the findings suggest that it should be possible to image brain activity and to identify the active areas involved in the same subject performing the same discrimination task, both with and without conscious awareness, and hence to determine whether any structures contribute uniquely to conscious perception.
机译：当人类受试者的视觉（纹状体）皮质（V1）受损时，皮质失明会导致对侧视觉半视场。尽管如此，在某些实验条件下，即使受试者没有明显的观察经验，他们仍具有在盲半场（blindsight）进行视觉辨别的能力。因此，必须通过平行投影到其他大脑区域来调节这种能力。在某些情况下，某些受试者对快速移动的刺激或向盲人半场呈现的光通量水平的突然变化有意识的残留视力，其特征是无意识的感知，某种感觉的发生，尽管不是正常的视觉。从未系统地研究过这两种歧视模式之间的关系。在同一实验中，我们研究了对V1造成单方面损害的受试者的无意识歧视和运动刺激的有意识视觉意识。结果表明，在没有公认的感知意识的情况下，可以很好地区分运动方向和方向。对于公认的意识，对刺激参数的区分显然遵循关于刺激速度，位移和刺激对比的不同功能关系。由于这两种模式下的表现可以进行定量匹配，因此发现表明应该有可能对大脑活动进行成像，并识别出在有意识或无意识的情况下，执行相同歧视任务的同一对​​象所涉及的活动区域，因此确定是否有任何结构对意识有独特的贡献。

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