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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Origin of a new Phgtophthora pathogen through interspecific hybridization
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Origin of a new Phgtophthora pathogen through interspecific hybridization

机译：通过种间杂交产生新的疫霉菌病原体

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摘要

Plant disease epidemics resulting from introductions of exotic fungal plant pathogens are a well known phenomenon. An associated risk - that accelerated pathogen evolution may be occurring as a cousequence of genetic exchange between introduced, or introduced and resident, fungal pathogens - is largely unrecognized. This is, in part,because examples of natural, interspecific hybridization in fungi are very rare. Potential evolutionary developments range from the acquisition of new host specificities to emergence of entirely new pathogen taxa. We present evidence from cytological behavior, additive nucleotide bases in repetitive internal transcribed spacer regions of the rRNA-encoding DNA (rDNA), and amplified fragment length polymorphisms of total DNA that a new, aggressive Phytophthora pathogen of alder trees in Europe comprises a range of heteroploid-interspecific hybrids involving a Phytophthora cambivora-like species and an unknown taxon similar to Phytophthora fragariae. The hybrids' marked developmental instabilities, unusual morphological variability, and evidence for recombination in their internal transcribed spacer profiles indicates that they are of recent origin and that their evolution is continuing. The likelihood of such evolutionary events may be increasing as world trade in plants intensifies. However, routine diag- nostic procedures currently in use are insufficiently sensitive to allow their detection.
机译：由外来真菌植物病原体的引入引起的植物病流行是众所周知的现象。在引入的，或引入的和驻留的真菌病原体之间发生遗传交换的必然后果，即伴随着病原体的加速进化，可能会引起相关的风险，但这一风险在很大程度上尚未被人们认识到。部分原因是由于真菌中天然，种间杂交的例子很少。潜在的进化发展范围包括从获得新的宿主特异性到出现全新的病原体分类群。我们从细胞学行为，rRNA编码DNA（rDNA）的重复内部转录间隔区的累加核苷酸碱基以及总DNA的扩增片段长度多态性中提供证据，这些新的侵略性是欧洲al木的一种新的侵袭性疫霉病原体包括一系列异倍体种间杂种，涉及类疫霉菌（Phytophthora cambivora）样物种和与草莓疫霉菌（Phytophthora fragariae）相似的未知分类群。杂种的显着发育不稳定性，异常的形态变异性以及内部转录的间隔区谱中重组的证据表明它们是近来起源的，并且它们的进化仍在继续。随着世界植物贸易的加剧，这种进化事件的可能性可能会增加。但是，当前使用的常规诊断程序不够灵敏，无法对其进行检测。

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