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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >HIV-1 Nef increases T cell activation in a stimulus dependent manner
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HIV-1 Nef increases T cell activation in a stimulus dependent manner

机译:HIV-1 Nef以刺激依赖性方式增加T细胞活化

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摘要

Lentiviral Nef increases viral replication in vivo, plays a direct role in pathogenesis, and increases viral particle infectivity. We now find that HIV Nef also increases the activation of T cells, a cellular state required for optimal viral replication. This enhancement is stimulant-dependent. As defined by IL-2 generation, activation of T cells stimulated with classical mitogens [phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)+anti-CD3, PMA+phytohemagglutinin, and PMA+ionomycin] is unaffected by the expression of Nef. However, Nef increases IL-2 secretion when cells are stimulated through the T cell receptor and the costimulus receptor (CD28). This increase in activation, which depends on Nef myristylation, is caused by an increase in the number of cells reaching full activation and not by an increase in the amount of IL-2 secreted per cell. These findings demonstrate that Nef lowers the threshold of the dual-receptor T cell activation pathway. The capacity of Nef to increase T cell activity may be very important in vivo when Nef is the predominant or the only viral gene product expressed.
机译:慢病毒Nef增加体内病毒复制,在发病机理中起直接作用,并增加病毒颗粒的感染性。现在我们发现,HIV Nef还可以增强T细胞的活化,这是最佳病毒复制所必需的细胞状态。这种增强是兴奋剂依赖性的。根据IL-2的产生,由经典促分裂原[佛波醇12-肉豆蔻酸酯13-乙酸酯(PMA)+抗CD3,PMA +植物血凝素和PMA +离子霉素]刺激的T细胞的激活不受Nef表达的影响。但是,当通过T细胞受体和共刺激受体(CD28)刺激细胞时,Nef会增加IL-2分泌。这种激活的增加取决于Nef肉豆蔻酰化,是由于达到完全激活的细胞数量增加,而不是由每个细胞分泌的IL-2数量增加引起的。这些发现表明,Nef降低了双受体T细胞活化途径的阈值。当Nef是主要或唯一表达的病毒基因产物时,Nef增加T细胞活性的能力在体内可能非常重要。

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