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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Cell membrane formation during the cellularization of the syncytial blastoderm of Drosophila.
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Cell membrane formation during the cellularization of the syncytial blastoderm of Drosophila.

机译：果蝇合胞体胚盘细胞化过程中的细胞膜形成。

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摘要

The early blastoderm of Drosophila is a syncytium in which about 6000 nuclei become localized in the peripheral cytoplasm. During cycle 14 interphase, a wave of membrane formation encircles each nucleus inside its own plasma membrane, thereby generating an intact epithelial layer. The details of this process of cellularization have been unclear. Using an improved method of fixation of the embryos for electron microscopy, we show by morphological observations that a large number of membrane-bounded, electron-transparent vesicles, of diameters ranging from 0.05 micron to 0.5 micron, are present in the periplasm and become redistributed during cellularization so as to provide the membrane mass required at each phase of the process. We recognize three phases. In the first two phases, the vesicles that were present in the apical periplasmic space at earlier stages become concentrated and aligned between the nuclei. The vesicles then undergo concerted but not precisely synchronous fusion to form double membranes, starting at furrows in the plasma membrane of the embryo and extending about 7 microns into the periplasmic space. Subsequently, in the third phase vesicles are recruited to the basal periplasmic space but do not become aligned between the nuclei as in the first phase. We presume that these vesicles fuse individually with the growing ends of the double membranes until encirclement of each nucleus is complete. We speculate that these vesicles are all derived from the Golgi apparatus and are moved about in the blastoderm by interactions with components of the cytoskeleton.
机译：果蝇的早期胚盘是一个合胞体，其中约6000个核位于局部细胞质中。在周期14的中间相期间，膜形成波环绕其自身质膜内部的每个核，从而生成完整的上皮层。细胞化过程的细节尚不清楚。使用改进的固定方法进行电子显微镜检查的胚胎，我们通过形态学观察表明，在周质中存在大量直径为0.05微米至0.5微米的膜结合的，电子透明的囊泡，并重新分布在细胞化过程中，以提供在该过程的每个阶段所需的膜质量。我们认识到三个阶段。在前两个阶段中，在较早阶段存在于根尖周质空间中的囊泡变得集中并在细胞核之间对齐。然后，囊泡进行协调但不精确的同步融合以形成双膜，从胚胎的质膜上的沟开始，并延伸到周质空间约7微米。随后，在第三阶段中，囊泡被募集到基底周质空间，但是没有像第一阶段中那样在核之间排列。我们假定这些囊泡分别与双膜的生长端融合，直到每个核的包围完成。我们推测这些囊泡均源自高尔基体，并通过与细胞骨架成分的相互作用在胚盘中移动。

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