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Actin bends over backward for directional branching

机译:肌动蛋白向后弯曲以进行定向分支

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摘要

The actin cytoskeleton is the major force-generating machinery in the cell that produces pushing, pulling, and resistance forces. To perform these functions, actin filaments, with the help of many accessory proteins, form architecturally distinct structures designed for specific purposes. Thus, pushing forces are frequently generated by branched networks that assemble in the vicinity of a load and exert force using energy of actin polymerization (1, 2). Although the current level of molecular and biophysical understanding of this process is exemplary (3, 4), a key remaining question is how to maintain the directionality of the constantly branching network and prevent it from expanding into unwanted cell areas. The report by Risca et al. in PNAS (5) links the directionality of actin branching to the load-imposed curvature of actin filaments. This connection supports a direct mechano-sensing role of actin filaments and explains the tunneling of actin polymerization toward the load.
机译:肌动蛋白的细胞骨架是细胞中产生推力,拉力和阻力的主要力量产生机制。为了执行这些功能,肌动蛋白丝在许多辅助蛋白的帮助下形成了为特定目的而设计的结构独特的结构。因此,推力通常由分支网络产生,该分支网络在负载附近组装并利用肌动蛋白聚合的能量(1、2)施加力。尽管目前对该过程的分子和生物物理理解水平是示例性的(3、4),但仍然存在的关键问题是如何保持不断分支的网络的方向性,并防止其扩展到不需要的细胞区域。 Risca等人的报告。 PNAS(5)中的文章将肌动蛋白分支的方向性与肌动蛋白丝的载荷施加的曲率联系起来。这种连接支持肌动蛋白丝的直接机械感测作用,并解释了肌动蛋白聚合向负载的隧穿。

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