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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Telomere maintenance and telomerase activity are differentially regulated in asexual and sexual worms
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Telomere maintenance and telomerase activity are differentially regulated in asexual and sexual worms

机译：无性和有性蠕虫中端粒的维持和端粒酶活性受到不同的调节

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摘要

In most sexually reproducing animals, replication and maintenance of telomeres occurs in the germ line and during early development in embryogenesis through the use of telomerase. Somatic cells generally do not maintain telomere sequences, and these cells become senescent in adults as telomeres shorten to a critical length. Some animals reproduce clonally and must therefore require adult somatic mechanisms for maintaining their chromosome ends. Here we study the telomere biology of planarian flatworms with apparently limitless regenerative capacity fueled by a population of highly proliferative adult stem cells. We show that somatic telomere maintenance is different in asexual and sexual animals.Asexual animals maintain telomere length somatically during reproduction by fission or when regeneration is induced by amputation, whereas sexual animals only achieve telomere elongation through sexual reproduction. We demonstrate that this difference is reflected in the expression and alternate splicing of the protein subunit of the telomerase enzyme. Asexual adult planarian stem cells appear to maintain telomere length over evolutionary time scales without passage through a germ-line stage. The adaptations we observe demonstrate indefinite somatic telomerase activity in proliferating stem cells during regeneration or reproduction by fission, and establish planarians as a pertinent model for studying telomere structure, function, and maintenance.
机译：在大多数有性生殖动物中，端粒的复制和维持在生殖系中以及通过使用端粒酶在胚胎发生的早期发育过程中发生。体细胞通常不维持端粒序列，并且随着端粒缩短至临界长度，这些细胞在成年人中会衰老。一些动物无性繁殖，因此必须要求成年体细胞机制来维持其染色体末端。在这里，我们研究了由高度增殖的成体干细胞推动的具有明显无限的再生能力的planar虫扁平虫的端粒生物学。我们发现无性和有性动物的体细胞端粒维持是不同的。无性动物在通过裂变繁殖或截肢引起的再生过程中通过体细胞维持端粒的长度，而有性动物仅通过有性繁殖达到端粒的伸长。我们证明这种差异反映在端粒酶的蛋白亚基的表达和交替剪接中。无性成年涡虫干细胞似乎在进化时间范围内保持端粒长度，而没有经过生殖系阶段。我们观察到的改编证明裂变的再生或繁殖过程中增殖的干细胞中无限增殖的体细胞端粒酶活性，并建立涡虫作为研究端粒结构，功能和维持的相关模型。

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    Thomas C. J. Tan; Ruman Rahman; Farah Jaber-Hijazi; Daniel A. Felix; Chen Chen; Edward J. Louis; and Aziz Aboobaker;

  • 作者单位

    Centre for Genetics and Genomics University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH,United Kingdom;

    Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH,United Kingdom;

    Centre for Genetics and Genomics University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH,United Kingdom;

    Centre for Genetics and Genomics University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH,United Kingdom;

    Centre for Genetics and Genomics University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH,United Kingdom;

    Centre for Genetics and Genomics University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH,United Kingdom;

    Centre for Genetics and Genomics University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH,United Kingdom;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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