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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Active diffusion: The erratic dance of chromosomal loci
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Active diffusion: The erratic dance of chromosomal loci

机译：主动扩散：染色体基因座的不稳定舞蹈

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摘要

Since the early days of microscopes and such pioneering discoveries as that of bacteria by van Leeu-wenhoek (1), scientists have been fascinated by the microscopic world of living systems. Nearly 200 years ago, the botanist Brown (2) made observations of the erratic motion of small particles in pollen that were to have implications far beyond botany and biology. In fact, taken together with the theoretical understanding provided in 1905 by Sutherland (3) and Einstein (4) and the careful experiments by Perrin (5), Brownian motion can be credited with no less than the conclusive establishment of the atomic nature of matter. Ironically, in the meantime, random motion received comparatively little attention in biology, because more effort was naturally focused on directed motion and processes in living systems (e.g., intracellular transport). This lack of attention began to change with the growing evidence of random athermal motion known as active diffusion, especially in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. In PNAS, the work by Weber et al.
机译：自从显微镜出现之初和诸如范·吕温霍克（van Leeu-wenhoek）的细菌发现等开创性发现以来，科学家就对生物系统的微观世界着迷了。大约200年前，植物学家布朗（2）观察到花粉中小颗粒的不稳定运动，其影响远不止植物学和生物学。实际上，结合萨瑟兰德（3）和爱因斯坦（4）在1905年提供的理论理解以及佩林（5）的仔细实验，布朗运动可以说是对物质原子性质的结论性建立。 。具有讽刺意味的是，与此同时，随机运动在生物学上受到的关注相对较少，因为自然界将更多的精力集中于生物系统中的定向运动和过程（例如，细胞内运输）。随着越来越多的随机无热运动被称为主动扩散，尤其是在真核细胞的细胞质中，这种注意力的缺乏开始改变。在PNAS中，Weber等人的工作。

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