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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >The genetic architecture of economic and political preferences
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The genetic architecture of economic and political preferences

机译：经济和政治偏好的遗传结构

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摘要

Preferences are fundamental building blocks in all models of economic and political behavior. We study a new sample of comprehensively genotyped subjects with data on economic and political preferences and educational attainment. We use dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data to estimate the proportion of variation in these traits explained by common SNPs and to conduct genome-wide association study (GWAS) and prediction analyses. The pattern of results is consistent with findings for other complex traits. First, the estimated fraction of phenotypic variation that could, in principle, be explained by dense SNP arrays is around one-half of the narrow heritability estimated using twin and family samples. The molecular-genetic-based heritability estimates, therefore, partially corroborate evidence of significant heritability from behavior genetic studies. Second, our analyses suggest that these traits have a polygenic architecture, with the heritable variation explained by many genes with small effects. Our results suggest that most published genetic association studies with economic and political traits are dramatically underpowered, which implies a high false discovery rate. These results convey a cautionary message for whether, how, and how soon molecular genetic data can contribute to, and potentially transform, research in social science. We propose some constructive responses to the inferential challenges posed by the small explanatory power of individual SNPs.
机译：偏好是所有经济和政治行为模式的基本组成部分。我们研究了具有经济和政治偏好以及受教育程度的数据的综合基因型受试者的新样本。我们使用密集的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）数据来估计由普通SNP解释的这些性状的变异比例，并进行全基因组关联研究（GWAS）和预测分析。结果的模式与其他复杂性状的发现一致。首先，原则上可以由致密SNP阵列解释的表型变异的估计比例大约是使用双胞胎和家族样本估算的狭窄遗传力的一半。因此，基于分子遗传学的遗传力估计值部分证实了行为遗传学研究显着遗传力的证据。其次，我们的分析表明这些性状具有多基因结构，其遗传变异由许多影响较小的基因解释。我们的结果表明，大多数已发表的具有经济和政治特征的遗传协会研究的能力都大大不足，这意味着很高的错误发现率。这些结果传达了一个警告性信息，即分子遗传数据是否能够，如何以及在多长时间内有助于社会科学的研究，并可能改变社会科学的研究。我们提出了一些建设性的应对措施，以应对单个SNP解释力不足带来的推论挑战。

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    Daniel J. Benjamin; David Cesarini; Matthijs J. H. M. van der Loos; Christopher T. Dawes; Philipp D. Koellinger; Patrik K. E. Magnusson; Christopher F. Chabris; Dalton Conley; David Laibson; Magnus Johannesso; Peter M. Visscher;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Economics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853;

    Center for Experimental Social Science, Department of Economics, New York University,New York, NY 10012, Research Institute of Industrial Economics, SE-102 15 Stockholm, Sweden;

    Department of Applied Economics, Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands;

    Department of Politics, New York University, New York, NY 10012;

    Department of Applied Economics, Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands;

    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;

    Department of Psychology, Union College,Schenectady, NY 12308;

    Department of Sociology, New York University, New York, NY 10012;

    Department of Economics, Harvard University, Cambridge,MA 02138;

    Department of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics, SE-113 83 Stockholm, Sweden;

    University of Queensland Diamantina Institute,Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba 4102, Australia;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    genoeconomics; genopolitics; GCTA;

    机译：基因经济学;族裔政治贸易协定;

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