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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Rethinking dog domestication by integrating genetics, archeology, and biogeography
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Rethinking dog domestication by integrating genetics, archeology, and biogeography

机译:通过整合遗传学,考古学和生物地理学来重新思考狗的驯养

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摘要

The dog was the first domesticated animal but it remains uncertain when the domestication process began and whether it occurred just once or multiple times across the Northern Hemisphere. To ascertain the value of modern genetic data to elucidate the origins of dog domestication, we analyzed 49,024 autosomal SNPs in 1,375 dogs (representing 35 breeds) and 19 wolves. After combining our data with previously published data, we contrasted the genetic signatures of 121 breeds with a worldwide archeological assessment of the earliest dog remains. Correlating the earliest archeological dogs with the geographic locations of 14 so-called "ancient" breeds (defined by their genetic differentiation) resulted in a counterintuitive pattern. First none of the ancient breeds derive from regions where the oldest archeological remains have been found. Second, three of the ancient breeds (Basenjis, Dingoes, and New Guinea Singing Dogs) come from regions outside the natural range of Canis lupus (the dog's wild ancestor) and where dogs were introduced more than 10,000 y after domestication. These results demonstrate that the unifying characteristic among all genetically distinct so-called ancient breeds is a lack of recent admixture with other breeds likely facilitated by geographic and cultural isolation. Furthermore, these genetically distinct ancient breeds only appear so because of their relative isolation, suggesting that studies of modern breeds have yet to shed light on dog origins. We conclude by assessing the limitations of past studies and how next-generation sequencing of modern and ancient individuals may unravel the history of dog domestication.
机译:这只狗是第一只被驯化的动物,但尚不确定何时开始驯化过程以及它在北半球发生过一次还是多次。为了确定现代遗传数据对阐明狗驯化起源的价值,我们分析了1,375只狗(代表35个品种)和19只狼的49,024个常染色体SNP。将我们的数据与以前发表的数据结合起来后,我们将121个犬种的遗传特征与世界上最早的狗遗骸进行了考古评估进行了对比。将最早的考古犬与14个所谓的“古老”品种(由它们的基因分化所定义)的地理位置相关联,会产生与直觉相反的模式。首先,没有一个古代品种来自发现最古老考古遗迹的地区。其次,其中三个古代犬种(巴辛吉斯,丁戈犬和新几内亚唱歌犬)来自天狼犬(犬的野生祖先)自然范围以外的地区,并且在驯化后10,000多年前就引入了犬。这些结果表明,在所有遗传上不同的所谓古代品种中,统一的特征是缺乏与其他品种最近的混合,这可能是由于地理和文化隔离而促进的。此外,这些遗传上不同的古代品种之所以出现是因为它们相对孤立,这表明现代品种的研究尚未阐明狗的起源。我们通过评估过去研究的局限性以及现代和古代个体的下一代测序如何揭示狗的驯养历史来得出结论。

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    Durham Evolution and Ancient DNA, Department of Archaeology, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom;

    Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge MA 02142 Faculty of Arts and Sciences Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge MA 02138;

    Durham Evolution and Ancient DNA, Department of Archaeology, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom;

    Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden;

    School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia;

    Veterinary Sciences Department, Institute of Palaeoanatomy, Domestication Research and the History of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University, 80539 Munich, Germany;

    Department of Anthropology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 2Y2;

    School of Archaeology and Anthropology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 200, Australia Archaeological Studies Program, University of the Philippines, Diliman, 1101, Quezon City, Philippines;

    Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Division of Genetics, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, 0033 Oslo, Norway;

    Faculty of Life Sciences, Division of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Department of Basic Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 7-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;

    University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Ml 48128;

    Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455;

    Department of Animal Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich and Vetsuisse Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland;

    Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199;

    Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands;

    Department of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UF, Scotland, United Kingdom;

    Departement 'Ecologie et Gestion de la Biodiversite', Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 'Archeozoologie, Archeobotanique: Societes, Pratiques et Environnements,' Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Institut Ecologie et Environement, F-75005 Paris, France;

    Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics Group, Donana Biological Station, 41092 Seville, Spain;

    Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden;

    Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge MA 02142 Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    genomics; phylogeography;

    机译:基因组学系谱学;

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