...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Deer, predators, and the emergence of Lyme disease
【24h】

Deer, predators, and the emergence of Lyme disease

机译：鹿，天敌和莱姆病的出现

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Lyme disease is the most prevalent vector-borne disease in North America, and both the annual incidence and geographic range are increasing. The emergence of Lyme disease has been attributed to a century-long recovery of deer, an important reproductive host for adult ticks. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that Lyme disease risk may now be more dynamically linked to fluctuations in the abundance of small-mammal hosts that are thought to infect the majority of ticks. The continuing and rapid increase in Lyme disease over the past two decades, long after the recoloniza-tion of deer, suggests that other factors, including changes in the ecology of small-mammal hosts may be responsible for the continuing emergence of Lyme disease. We present a theoretical model that illustrates how reductions in small-mammal predators can sharply increase Lyme disease risk. We then show that increases in Lyme disease in the northeastern and midwestern United States over the past three decades are frequently uncorrelated with deer abundance and instead coincide with a range-wide decline of a key small-mammal predator, the red fox, likely due to expansion of coyote populations. Further, across four states we find poor spatial correlation between deer abundance and Lyme disease incidence, but coyote abundance and fox rarity effectively predict the spatial distribution of Lyme disease in New York. These results suggest that changes in predator communities may have cascading impacts that facilitate the emergence of zoonotic diseases, the vast majority of which rely on hosts that occupy low trophic levels.
机译：莱姆病是北美最流行的媒介传播疾病，年发病率和地理范围都在增加。莱姆病的出现归因于鹿的百年恢复，鹿是成年s的重要繁殖宿主。但是，越来越多的证据表明，莱姆病的患病风险现在可能与被认为感染大多数壁虱的小型哺乳动物寄主的数量波动更为动态地联系在一起。在鹿重新定殖后的很长时间里，莱姆病在过去的二十年中持续快速增长，这表明其他因素，包括小哺乳动物宿主生态学的变化，可能是莱姆病持续出现的原因。我们提出了一个理论模型，该模型说明了小型哺乳动物捕食者的减少如何能够急剧增加莱姆病的风险。然后我们证明，过去三十年来，美国东北部和中西部的莱姆病的发病率通常与鹿的数量无关，而恰恰与关键的小哺乳动物捕食者赤狐的范围广泛下降相吻合，这可能是由于土狼种群的扩大。此外，在四个州中，我们发现鹿的丰度与莱姆病发病率之间的空间相关性较差，但土狼的丰度和狐狸稀有度有效地预测了纽约莱姆病的空间分布。这些结果表明，捕食者群落的变化可能会产生连锁反应，促进人畜共患病的出现，其中大多数依赖营养水平较低的寄主。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号