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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Global value chains and agrifood standards: Challenges and possibilities for smallholders in developing countries
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Global value chains and agrifood standards: Challenges and possibilities for smallholders in developing countries

机译：全球价值链和农产品标准：发展中国家小农的挑战和可能性

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摘要

The rise of private food standards has brought forth an ongoing debate about whether they work as a barrier for smallholders and hinder poverty reduction in developing countries. This paper uses a global value chain approach to explain the relationship between value chain structure and agrifood safety and quality standards and to discuss the challenges and possibilities this entails for the upgrading of smallholders. It maps four potential value chain scenarios depending on the degree of concentration in the markets for agrifood supply (farmers and manufacturers) and demand (supermarkets and other food retailers) and discusses the impact of lead firms and key intermediaries on smallholders in different chain situations. Each scenario is illustrated with case examples. Theoretical and policy issues are discussed, along with proposals for future research in terms of industry structure, private governance, and sustainable value chains.
机译：私人食品标准的提高引起了关于它们是否对小农户构成障碍并阻碍发展中国家减贫的争论。本文采用全球价值链方法来解释价值链结构与农业食品安全和质量标准之间的关系，并讨论小农升级带来的挑战和可能性。它根据农业食品供应（农民和制造商）和需求（超市和其他食品零售商）市场的集中程度，绘制了四个潜在的价值链场景，并讨论了牵头公司和主要中介机构在不同链条情况下对小农的影响。每个案例都有案例说明。讨论了理论和政策问题，并就行业结构，私人治理和可持续价值链方面的未来研究提出了建议。

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