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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Cytoplasmic streaming in Drosophila oocytes varies with kinesin activity and correlates with the microtubule cytoskeleton architecture
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Cytoplasmic streaming in Drosophila oocytes varies with kinesin activity and correlates with the microtubule cytoskeleton architecture

机译：果蝇卵母细胞的细胞质流随着驱动素活性的变化而变化，并与微管细胞骨架结构有关。

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摘要

Cells can localize molecules asymmetrically through the combined action of cytoplasmic streaming, which circulates their fluid contents, and specific anchoring mechanisms. Streaming also contributes to the distribution of nutrients and organelles such as chlor-oplasts in plants, the asymmetric position of the meiotic spindle in mammalian embryos, and the developmental potential of the zygote, yet little is known quantitatively about the relationship between streaming and the motor activity which drives it. Here we use Particle Image Velocimetry to quantify the statistical properties of Kinesin-dependent streaming during mid-oogenesis in Drosophila. We find that streaming can be used to detect subtle changes in Kinesin activity and that the flows reflect the architecture of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Furthermore, based on characterization of the rheology of the cytoplasm in vivo, we establish estimates of the number of Kinesins required to drive the observed streaming. Using this in vivo data as the basis of a model for transport, we suggest that the disordered character of transport at mid-oogenesis, as revealed by streaming, is an important component of the localization dynamics of the body plan determinant oskar mRNA.
机译：细胞可以通过细胞质流的联合作用使分子不对称地定位，从而循环其流体含量和特定的锚定机制。流也有助于营养物质和细胞器的分布，例如叶绿体在植物中的分布，减数分裂纺锤体在哺乳动物胚胎中的不对称位置，以及合子的发育潜力，但对流与运动之间关系的定量了解很少驱动它的活动。在这里，我们使用粒子图像测速技术来定量果蝇中成卵过程中依赖于驱动蛋白的流的统计特性。我们发现流可以用于检测驱动蛋白活性的细微变化，并且流反映了微管细胞骨架的体系结构。此外，基于体内细胞质流变学的表征，我们建立了驱动观察到的流所需的驱动蛋白数量的估计。使用此体内的数据作为运输模型的基础，我们建议，如通过流式传输所揭示的，在成年中期运输的无序特征是人体计划决定因素oskar mRNA定位动力学的重要组成部分。

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