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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Phytogenies reveal predictive power of traditional medicine in bioprospecting
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Phytogenies reveal predictive power of traditional medicine in bioprospecting

机译：植物遗传学揭示了传统医学在生物勘探中的预测能力

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摘要

There is controversy about whether traditional medicine can guide drug discovery, and investment in bioprospecting informed by ethnobotanical data has fluctuated. One view is that traditionally used medicinal plants are not necessarily efficacious and there are no robust methods for distinguishing those which are most likely to be bioactive when selecting species for further testing. Here, we reconstruct a genus-level molecular phylogenetic tree representing the 20,000 species found in the floras of three disparate biodiversity hotspots: Nepal, New Zealand, and the Cape of South Africa. Borrowing phylogenetic methods from community ecology, we reveal significant clustering of the 1,500 traditionally used species, and provide a direct measure of the relatedness of the three medicinal floras. We demonstrate shared phylogenetic patterns across the floras: related plants from these regions are used to treat medical conditions in the same therapeutic areas. This finding strongly indicates independent discovery of plant efficacy, an interpretation corroborated by the presence of a significantly greater proportion of known bioactive species in these plant groups than in random samples. We conclude that phylogenetic cross-cultural comparisons can focus screening efforts on a subset of traditionally used plants that are richer in bioactive compounds, and could revitalize the use of traditional knowledge in bioprospecting.
机译：关于传统医学是否可以指导药物开发存在争议，并且根据民族植物学数据进行的生物勘探投资也发生了变化。一种观点认为，传统上使用的药用植物不一定有效，并且没有可靠的方法来区分那些在选择物种进行进一步测试时最可能具有生物活性的植物。在这里，我们重建了一个属级分子系统发育树，代表了在三个不同的生物多样性热点（尼泊尔，新西兰和南非海角）的菌群中发现的20,000种物种。从社区生态学中借用了系统发育方法，我们揭示了1,500个传统使用物种的显着集群，并提供了三种药用植物区系相关性的直接量度。我们证明了整个菌群共有的系统发育模式：这些地区的相关植物被用于治疗同一治疗区域的医学状况。这一发现有力地表明了植物功效的独立发现，这一解释得到了这些植物群中已知生物活性物质的比例明显高于随机样品的证实。我们得出的结论是，系统发育的跨文化比较可以将筛选工作集中于富含生物活性化合物的传统使用植物的子集上，并且可以使传统知识在生物勘探中的使用得到振兴。

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  • 作者

    C. Haris Saslis-Lagoudakis; Vincent Savolainen; Elizabeth M. Williamson; Felix Forest; Steven J. Wagstaff; Sushim R. Baral; Mark F. Watson; Colin A. Pendry; Julie A. Hawkins;

  • 作者单位

    School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6BX, United Kingdom,Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, United Kingdom,Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, United Kingdom;

    Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, United Kingdom,Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, United Kingdom;

    School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AJ, United Kingdom;

    Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, United Kingdom;

    Allan Herbarium, Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand;

    Department of Plant Resources, Government of Nepal Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Thapathali, Kathmandu, GPO 3708, Nepal;

    School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AJ, United Kingdom;

    Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, United Kingdom;

    School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6BX, United Kingdom;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    ethnobotany; ethnopharmacology; herbal medicine; phylogeny; systematic;

    机译：民族植物学民族药理学草药;系统发育系统的;

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