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Prediction of economic choice by primate amygdala neurons

机译：灵长类杏仁核神经元对经济选择的预测

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The amygdala is a key structure of the brain's reward system. Existing theories view its role in decision-making as restricted to an early valuation stage that provides input to decision mechanisms in downstream brain structures. However, the extent to which the amygdala itself codes information about economic choices is unclear. Here, we report that individual neurons in the primate amygdala predict behavioral choices in an economic decision task. We recorded the activity of amygdala neurons while monkeys chose between saving liquid reward with interest and spending the accumulated reward. In addition to known value-related responses, we found that activity in a group of amygdala neurons predicted the monkeys' upcoming save-spend choices with an average accuracy of 78%. This choice-predictive activity occurred early in trials, even before information about specific actions associated with save-spend choices was available. For a substantial number of neurons, choice-differential activity was specific for free, internally generated economic choices and not observed in a control task involving forced imperative choices. A subgroup of choice-predictive neurons did not show relationships to value, movement direction, or visual stimulus features. Choice-predictive activity in some amygdala neurons was preceded by transient periods of value coding, suggesting value-to-choice transitions and resembling decision processes in other brain systems. These findings suggest that the amygdala might play an active role in economic decisions. Current views of amygdala function should be extended to incorporate a role in decision-making beyond valuation.
机译：杏仁核是大脑奖励系统的关键结构。现有理论认为其在决策中的作用仅限于早期评估阶段，该阶段为下游大脑结构的决策机制提供了输入。但是，杏仁核本身编码有关经济选择的信息的程度尚不清楚。在这里，我们报告说，灵长类杏仁核中的单个神经元可以预测经济决策任务中的行为选择。我们记录了杏仁核神经元的活动，而猴子则在有兴趣地节省液体奖励和花费累积奖励之间做出选择。除了已知的与价值有关的响应外，我们还发现，一组杏仁核神经元的活动可以预测猴子即将到来的储蓄选择，平均准确度为78％。这种选择预测活动是在试验的早期进行的，甚至是在没有与节省支出选择相关的特定操作的信息可用之前。对于大量的神经元，选择差异活动特定于自由的，内部产生的经济选择，而在涉及强制命令选择的控制任务中没有观察到。选择预测神经元的一个亚组没有显示出与价值，运动方向或视觉刺激特征的关系。在某些杏仁核神经元中具有选择预测性的活动之前是短暂的价值编码阶段，这表明价值向选择的过渡以及类似于其他大脑系统的决策过程。这些发现表明杏仁核可能在经济决策中发挥积极作用。当前对杏仁核功能的看法应扩大到纳入除估值以外的决策中。

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