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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Intracellular organelles mediate cytoplasmic pulling force for centrosome centration in the Caenorhabditis elegans early embryo
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Intracellular organelles mediate cytoplasmic pulling force for centrosome centration in the Caenorhabditis elegans early embryo

机译：秀丽隐杆线虫早期胚胎中的细胞内细胞器介导细胞质拉力以使中心体集中

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The centrosome is generally maintained at the center of the cell. In animal cells, centrosome centration is powered by the pulling force of microtubules, which is dependent on cytoplasmic dynein. However, it is unclear how dynein brings the centrosome to the cell center, i.e., which structure inside the cell functions as a substrate to anchor dynein. Here, we provide evidence that a population of dynein, which is located on intracellular organelles and is responsible for organelle transport toward the centrosome, generates the force required for centrosome centration in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. By using the database of full-genome RNAi in C. elegans, we identified dyrb-1, a dynein light chain subunit, as a potential subunit involved in dynein anchoring for centrosome centration. DYRB-1 is required for organelle movement toward the minus end of the microtubules. The temporal correlation between centrosome centration and the net movement of organelle transport was found to be significant. Centrosome centration was impaired when Rab7 and RILP, which mediate the association between organelles and dynein in mammalian cells, were knocked down. These results indicate that minus end-directed transport of intracellular organelles along the microtubules is required for centrosome centration in C. elegans embryos. On the basis of this finding, we propose a model in which the reaction forces of organelle transport generated along microtubules act as a driving force that pulls the centrosomes toward the cell center. This is the first model, to our knowledge, providing a mechanical basis for cytoplasmic pulling force for centrosome centration.
机译：中心体通常维持在细胞的中心。在动物细胞中，通过微管的拉力来驱动中心体的集中，微管的拉力取决于细胞质的动力蛋白。但是，尚不清楚动力蛋白是如何将中心体带到细胞中心的，即细胞内部的哪种结构起着锚定动力蛋白的底物的作用。在这里，我们提供的证据表明，位于细胞内细胞器上并负责细胞器向着中心体运输的动力蛋白种群产生了秀丽隐杆线虫胚胎中的中心体集中所需的力。通过使用秀丽隐杆线虫中全基因组RNAi的数据库，我们确定了dyrb-1，一个达因素轻链亚基，可能是参与将达因素锚定于中心体的潜在亚基。 DYRB-1是细胞器向微管负端移动所必需的。发现中心体集中与细胞器运输的净运动之间的时间相关性是显着的。当Rab7和RILP介导哺乳动物细胞中细胞器与动力蛋白之间的缔合时，中心体的集中度受到损害。这些结果表明，沿线虫细胞内细胞器的负末端定向转运是秀丽隐杆线虫胚胎中心体集中所必需的。基于这一发现，我们提出了一种模型，其中沿着微管产生的细胞器转运的反作用力充当将中心体拉向细胞中心的驱动力。据我们所知，这是第一个模型，为中心体定中心提供了细胞质拉力的机械基础。

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