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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Time-dependent electron phenomena at surfaces
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Time-dependent electron phenomena at surfaces

机译：表面上随时间变化的电子现象

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摘要

Femtosecond and subfemtosecond time scales typically rule electron dynamics at metal surfaces. Recent advance in experimental techniques permits now remarkable precision in the description of these processes. In particular, shorter time scales, smaller system sizes, and spin-dependent effects are current targets of interest. In this article, we use state-of-the-art theoretical methods to analyze these refined features of electron dynamics. We show that the screening of localized charges at metal surfaces is created locally in the attosecond time scale, while collective excitations transfer the perturbation to larger distances in longer time scales. We predict that the elastic width of the resonance in excited alkali adsor-bates on ferromagnetic surfaces can depend on spin orientation in a counterintuitive way. Finally, we quantitatively evaluate the electron-electron and electron-phonon contributions to the electronic excited states widths in ultrathin metal layers. We conclude that confinement and spin effects are key factors in the behavior of electron dynamics at metal surfaces.
机译：飞秒和亚飞秒时标通常会控制金属表面的电子动力学。实验技术的最新进展现在使这些过程的描述具有了惊人的精度。特别地，更短的时间尺度，更小的系统尺寸以及与自旋相关的效应是当前关注的目标。在本文中，我们使用最先进的理论方法来分析电子动力学的这些精细特征。我们表明，在金属表面局部电荷的筛选是在十亿分之一秒的时间尺度上局部创建的，而集体激发将扰动转移到更长的时间尺度上更大的距离。我们预测，在铁磁表面上的受激碱吸附剂中共振的弹性宽度可以以与直觉相反的方式取决于自旋取向。最后，我们定量评估了超薄金属层中电子-电子和声子对电子激发态宽度的贡献。我们得出的结论是，约束和自旋效应是金属表面电子动力学行为的关键因素。

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  • 作者

    R. Diez Muino; D. Sanchez-Portal; V. M. Silkin; E. V. Chulkov; P. M. Echenique;

  • 作者单位

    Centro de Fisica de Materiales (CFM-MPC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientfficas (CSIC)-Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV-EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain;

    Centro de Fisica de Materiales (CFM-MPC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientfficas (CSIC)-Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV-EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain;

    Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain,Departamento de Fisica de Materials, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV-EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastian, Spain,lkerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain;

    Centro de Fisica de Materiales (CFM-MPC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientfficas (CSIC)-Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV-EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain,Departamento de Fisica de Materials, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV-EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastian, Spain;

    Centro de Fisica de Materiales (CFM-MPC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientfficas (CSIC)-Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV-EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain,Departamento de Fisica de Materials, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV-EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastian, Spain;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    lifetimes; spin effects; time-dependent phenomena;

    机译：寿命;自旋效应;时变现象;

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