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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Conservation of proteobacterial magnetosome genes and structures in an uncultivated member of the deep-branching Nitrospira phylum
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Conservation of proteobacterial magnetosome genes and structures in an uncultivated member of the deep-branching Nitrospira phylum

机译：深分支硝化螺旋体门上未经培养的成员中的蛋白细菌磁小体基因和结构的保守性。

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Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are a phylogenetically diverse group which uses intracellular membrane-enclosed magnetite crystals called magnetosomes for navigation in their aquatic habitats. Although synthesis of these prokaryotic organelles is of broad interdisciplinary interest, its genetic analysis has been restricted to a few closely related members of the Proteobacteria, in which essential functions required for magnetosome formation are encoded within a large genomic magnetosome island. However, because of the lack of cultivated representatives from other phyla, it is unknown whether the evolutionary origin of magnetotaxis is monophyletic, and it has been questioned whether homologous mechanisms and structures are present in unrelated MTB. Here, we present the analysis of the uncultivated "Candidates Magnetobac-terium bavaricum" from the deep branching Nitrospira phylum by combining micromanipulation and whole genome amplification (WGA) with metagenomics. Target-specific sequences obtained by WGA of cells, which were magnetically collected and individually sorted from sediment samples, were used for PCR screening of metagenomic libraries. This led to the identification of a genomic cluster containing several putative magnetosome genes with ho-mology to those in Proteobacteria. A variety of advanced electron microscopic imaging tools revealed a complex cell envelope and an intricate magnetosome architecture. The presence of magnetosome membranes as well as cytoskeletal magnetosome filaments suggests a similar mechanism of magnetosome formation in "Cand. M. bavaricum" as in Proteobacteria. Altogether, our findings suggest a monophyletic origin of magnetotaxis, and relevant genes were likely transferred horizontally between Proteobacteria and representatives of the Nitrospira phylum.
机译：趋磁细菌（MTB）是一个系统发育多样的群体，它使用被称为磁小体的细胞内膜包裹的磁铁矿晶体在其水生生境中航行。尽管这些原核细胞器的合成具有广泛的跨学科兴趣，但其遗传分析仅限于变形杆菌的几个紧密相关的成员，其中在大的基因组磁小岛内编码了磁小体形成所需的基本功能。但是，由于缺乏其他门的栽培代表，目前尚不清楚趋趋性的进化起源是否是单系的，并且有人质疑无关的MTB是否存在同源的机制和结构。在这里，我们通过结合显微操作和全基因组扩增（WGA）与宏基因组学，对来自深分支硝化螺菌的未培养的“念珠菌-菜青虫”进行了分析。通过WGA细胞获得的靶标特异性序列被磁性收集并从沉积物样品中单独分类，用于PCR筛选宏基因组文库。这导致鉴定了包含几个推定的磁小体基因的基因组簇，这些基因组与变形杆菌中的那些具有同源性。各种先进的电子显微镜成像工具揭示了复杂的细胞包膜和复杂的磁小体结构。磁小体膜以及细胞骨架磁小体细丝的存在暗示了在“ C.M. bavaricum”中的磁小体形成的机制与变形杆菌中相似。总而言之，我们的发现表明趋磁性的单系起源，相关基因很可能在变形杆菌和门硝菌的代表之间水平转移。

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    Christian Jogler; Gerhard Wanner; Sebastian Kolinko; Martina Niebler; Rudolf Amann; Nikolai Petersen; Michael Kube; Richard Reinhardt; Dirk Schueler;

  • 作者单位

    Ludwig Maximilians University, 82152 Munich, Germany,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;

    Ludwig Maximilians University, 82152 Munich, Germany;

    Ludwig Maximilians University, 82152 Munich, Germany;

    Ludwig Maximilians University, 82152 Munich, Germany;

    Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany;

    Ludwig Maximilians University, 82152 Munich, Germany;

    Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany;

    Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany,Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany;

    Ludwig Maximilians University, 82152 Munich, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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