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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Language processing in the occipital cortex of congenitally blind adults
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Language processing in the occipital cortex of congenitally blind adults

机译：先天性盲人成年人枕叶的语言处理

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摘要

Humans are thought to have evolved brain regions in the left frontal and temporal cortex that are uniquely capable of language processing. However, congenitally blind individuals also activate the visual cortex in some verbal tasks. We provide evidence that this visual cortex activity in fact reflects language processing. We find that in congenitally blind individuals, the left visual cortex behaves similarly to classic language regions: (ⅰ) BOLD signal is higher during sentence comprehension than during linguistically degraded control conditions that are more difficu (ⅱ) BOLD signal is modulated by phonological information, lexical semantic information, and sentence-level combinatorial structure; and (ⅲ) functional connectivity with language regions in the left prefron-tal cortex and thalamus are increased relative to sighted individuals. We conclude that brain regions that are thought to have evolved for vision can take on language processing as a result of early experience. Innate microcircuit properties are not necessary for a brain region to become involved in language processing.
机译：人们认为人类在左额叶和颞叶皮层中演化出了独特的能够进行语言处理的大脑区域。但是，先天失明的人也会在某些口头任务中激活视觉皮层。我们提供的证据表明，这种视觉皮层活动实际上反映了语言处理。我们发现，在先天性盲人中，左视觉皮层的行为与经典语言区域相似：（ⅰ）句子理解过程中的BOLD信号高于较难于语言处理的控制条件； （ⅱ）BOLD信号由语音信息，词汇语义信息和句子级组合结构调制； （ⅲ）与有视力的人相比，与左前额叶皮层和丘脑的语言区域的功能连接性增加。我们得出的结论是，由于早期的经验，被认为已发展为视觉的大脑区域可以进行语言处理。先天微电路特性对于大脑区域参与语言处理不是必需的。

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    Marina Bedny; Alvaro Pascual-Leone; David Dodell-Feder; Evelina Fedorenko; Rebecca Saxe;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215;

    Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215;

    Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;

    Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;

    Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    plasticity; language evolution;

    机译：可塑性;语言进化;

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