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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Direct climate effects of perennial bioenergy crops in the United States
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Direct climate effects of perennial bioenergy crops in the United States

机译：美国多年生生物能源作物对气候的直接影响

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Biomass-derived energy offers the potential to increase energy security while mitigating anthropogenic climate change, but a successful path toward increased production requires a thorough accounting of costs and benefits. Until recently, the efficacy of biomass-derived energy has focused primarily on biogeochemical consequences. Here we show that the biogeophysical effects that result from hypothetical conversion of annual to perennial bioenergy crops across the central United States impart a significant local to regional cooling with considerable implications for the reservoir of stored soil water. This cooling effect is related mainly to local increases in transpiration, but also to higher albedo. The reduction in radiative forcing from albedo alone is equivalent to a carbon emissions reduction of 78 t Cha~(-1), which is six times larger than the annual biogeochemical effects that arise from offsetting fossil fuel use. Thus, in the near-term, the biogeophysical effects are an important aspect of climate impacts of biofuels, even at the global scale. Locally, the simulated cooling is sufficiently large to partially offset projected warming due to increasing greenhouse gases over the next few decades. These results demonstrate that a thorough evaluation of costs and benefits of bioenergy-related land-use change must include potential impacts on the surface energy and water balance to comprehensively address important concerns for local, regional, and global climate change.
机译：生物质能源在减轻人为气候变化的同时提供了提高能源安全性的潜力，但是成功的增产道路需要对成本和收益进行全面考虑。直到最近，生物质衍生能源的功效主要集中在生物地球化学后果上。在这里，我们表明，美国中部一年生生物能源作物向多年生生物能源作物的假设转化所产生的生物地球物理效应，使局部到区域的降温效果显着，对储存的土壤水储量具有重大影响。这种降温作用主要与蒸腾作用的局部增加有关，但也与较高的反照率有关。仅反照率的辐射强迫减少就等于减少了78 t Cha〜（-1）的碳排放量，这是抵消化石燃料使用产生的年度生物地球化学影响的六倍。因此，在短期内，即使在全球范围内，生物地球物理效应也是生物燃料对气候影响的重要方面。就局部而言，模拟的冷却足够大，以部分抵消由于未来几十年温室气体增加而引起的预计变暖。这些结果表明，对与生物能源相关的土地利用变化的成本和收益进行全面评估，必须包括对地表能量和水平衡的潜在影响，以全面解决对地方，区域和全球气候变化的重要关切。

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