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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Climatological determinants of woody cover in Africa
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Climatological determinants of woody cover in Africa

机译：非洲木质覆盖物的气候学决定因素

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Determining the factors that influence the distribution of woody vegetation cover and resolving the sensitivity of woody vegetation cover to shifts in environmental forcing are critical steps necessary to predict continental-scale responses of dryland ecosystems to climate change. We use a 6-year satellite data record of fractional woody vegetation cover and an 11-year daily precipitation record to investigate the climatological controls on woody vegetation cover across the African continent. We find that-as opposed to a relationship with only mean annual rainfall-the upper limit of fractional woody vegetation cover is strongly influenced by both the quantity and intensity of rainfall events. Using a set of statistics derived from the seasonal distribution of rainfall, we show that areas with similar seasonal rainfall totals have higher fractional woody cover if the local rainfall climatology consists of frequent, less intense precipitation events. Based on these observations, we develop a generalized response surface between rainfall climatology and maximum woody vegetation cover across the African continent. The normalized local gradient of this response surface is used as an estimator of ecosystem vegetation sensitivity to climatological variation. A comparison between predicted climate sensitivity patterns and observed shifts in both rainfall and vegetation during 2009 reveals both the importance of rainfall climatology in governing how ecosystems respond to interannual fluctuations in climate and the utility of our framework as a means to forecast continental-scale patterns of vegetation shifts in response to future climate change.
机译：确定影响木本植被覆盖度分布的因素并解决木本植被覆盖度对环境强迫变化的敏感性是预测旱地生态系统对气候变化的大陆尺度响应所必需的关键步骤。我们使用6年的部分木质植被覆盖率卫星数据记录和11年的每日降水记录来调查整个非洲大陆上木质植被覆盖率的气候控制。我们发现，与仅具有年均降雨量的关系相反，部分木本植被的上限受到降雨事件的数量和强度的强烈影响。使用从降雨的季节性分布得出的一组统计数据，我们表明，如果当地的降雨气候由频繁，强度较小的降雨事件组成，则季节性降雨总量相似的地区具有较高的部分木本覆盖率。基于这些观察，我们在整个非洲大陆的降雨气候学和最大的木本植被覆盖率之间建立了一个广义响应面。该响应面的归一化局部梯度被用作生态系统植被对气候变化敏感性的估算器。对2009年预测的气候敏感性模式与观测到的降雨和植被变化的比较表明，降雨气候学在控制生态系统如何响应年际气候变化方面的重要性，以及我们框架作为预测非洲大陆尺度模式的手段的实用性植被随着未来的气候变化而变化。

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