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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Late Carboniferous paleoichnology reveals the oldest full-body impression of a flying insect
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Late Carboniferous paleoichnology reveals the oldest full-body impression of a flying insect

机译：晚石炭纪古生物学揭示了飞行昆虫的最古老的全身印象

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摘要

Insects were the first animals to evolve powered flight and did so perhaps 90 million years before the first flight among vertebrates. However, the earliest fossil record of flying insect lineages (Pterygota) is poor, with scant indirect evidence from the Devonian and a nearly complete dearth of material from the Early Carboniferous. By the Late Carboniferous a diversity of flying lineages is known, mostly from isolated wings but without true insights into the paleoethology of these taxa. Here, we report evidence of a full-body impression of a flying insect from the Late Carboniferous Wamsutta Formation of Massachusetts, representing the oldest trace fossil of Pterygota. Through ethological and morphological analysis, the trace fossil provides evidence that its maker was a flying insect and probably was representative of a stem-group lineage of mayflies. The nature of this current full-body impression somewhat blurs distinctions between the systematics of traces and trace makers, thus adding to the debate surrounding ichnotaxon-omy for traces with well-associated trace makers.
机译：昆虫是第一批进化出动力飞行的动物，这种现象大概在脊椎动物第一次飞行之前就已经存在了9000万年。但是，飞行昆虫世系（翼手龙）的最早化石记录很差，泥盆纪的间接证据很少，早期石炭纪的物质几乎完全缺乏。晚期石炭​​纪已知多种飞行谱系，多数来自孤立的机翼，但对这些分类群的古人类学没有真正的见识。在这里，我们报告了来自马萨诸塞州晚期石炭纪Wamsutta组的飞行昆虫的全身印象的证据，该昆虫代表翼龙的最古老的化石。通过行为学和形态学分析，该痕迹化石提供了证据，表明其制造者是飞行中的昆虫，并且可能代表了may的茎类谱系。当前全身印象的性质在某种程度上模糊了痕迹系统和痕迹制造者之间的区别，从而增加了与鱼腥菌分类法有关与痕迹密切相关的痕迹的争论。

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