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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Active multistage coarsening of actin networks driven by myosin motors
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Active multistage coarsening of actin networks driven by myosin motors

机译：肌球蛋白电机驱动的肌动蛋白网络的主动多级粗化

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摘要

In cells, many vital processes involve myosin-driven motility that actively remodels the actin cytoskeleton and changes cell shape. Here we study how the collective action of myosin motors organizes actin filaments into contractile structures in a simplified model system devoid of biochemical regulation. We show that this self-organization occurs through an active multistage coarsening process. First, motors form dense foci by moving along the actin network structure followed by coalescence. Then the foci accumulate actin filaments in a shell around them. These actomyosin condensates eventually cluster due to motor-driven coalescence. We propose that the physical origin of this multistage aggregation is the highly asymmetric load response of actin filaments: they can support large tensions but buckle, easily under piconewton com-pressive loads. Because the motor-generated forces well exceed this threshold, buckling is induced on the connected actin network that resists motor-driven filament sliding. We show how this buckling can give rise to the accumulation of actin shells around myosin foci and subsequent coalescence of foci into superaggregates. This new physical mechanism provides an explanation for the formation and contractile dynamics of disordered condensed actomyosin states observed in vivo.
机译：在细胞中，许多重要过程涉及肌球蛋白驱动的运动，从而主动重塑肌动蛋白的细胞骨架并改变细胞形状。在这里，我们研究了肌球蛋白电机的集体作用如何在没有生化调节的简化模型系统中将肌动蛋白丝组织成收缩结构。我们表明，这种自组织是通过主动的多阶段粗化过程而发生的。首先，电机通过沿着肌动蛋白网络结构移动，然后合并而形成密集的焦点。然后病灶将肌动蛋白丝堆积在它们周围的壳中。这些肌动球蛋白凝结物最终由于马达驱动的聚结而聚集。我们认为这种多阶段聚集的物理起源是肌动蛋白丝的高度不对称负荷响应：它们可以承受较大的张力，但在皮微压迫负荷下容易弯曲。由于电动机产生的力远超过此阈值，因此会在连接的肌动蛋白网络上引起屈曲，从而阻止电动机驱动的灯丝滑动。我们展示了这种屈曲如何导致肌动蛋白壳周围肌动蛋白壳的堆积以及随后的焦点聚集成超级聚集体。这种新的物理机制为体内观察到的无序浓缩的放线肌球蛋白状态的形成和收缩动力学提供了解释。

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  • 作者

    Marina Soares e Silva; Martin Depken; Bjoern Stuhrmann; Marijn Korsten; Fred C. MacKintosh; Gijsje H. Koenderink;

  • 作者单位

    Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics (FOM Institute AMOLF), 1009 DB, Amsterdam,The Netherlands;

    Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

    Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics (FOM Institute AMOLF), 1009 DB, Amsterdam,The Netherlands;

    Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics (FOM Institute AMOLF), 1009 DB, Amsterdam,The Netherlands;

    Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

    Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics (FOM Institute AMOLF), 1009 DB, Amsterdam,The Netherlands;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    active gels; molecular motors; nonequilibrium; soft condensed matter;

    机译：活性凝胶;分子马达非平衡软凝聚物;

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