...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Short- and long-term benefits of cognitive training
【24h】

Short- and long-term benefits of cognitive training

机译：认知训练的短期和长期利益

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Does cognitive training work? There are numerous commercial training interventions claiming to improve general mental capacity; however, the scientific evidence for such claims is sparse. Nevertheless, there is accumulating evidence that certain cognitive interventions are effective. Here we provide evidence for the effectiveness of cognitive (often called "brain") training. However, we demonstrate that there are important individual differences that determine training and transfer. We trained elementary and middle school children by means of a videogame-like working memory task. We found that only children who considerably improved on the training task showed a performance increase on untrained fluid intelligence tasks. This improvement was larger than the improvement of a control group who trained on a knowledge-based task that did not engage working memory; further, this differential pattern remained intact even after a 3-mo hiatus from training. We conclude that cognitive training can be effective and long-lasting, but that there are limiting factors that must be considered to evaluate the effects of this training, one of which is individual differences in training performance. We propose that future research should not investigate whether cognitive training works, but rather should determine what training regimens and what training conditions result in the best transfer effects, investigate the underlying neural and cognitive mechanisms, and finally, investigate for whom cognitive training is most useful.
机译：认知训练有效吗？有许多商业培训干预措施声称可以提高一般的心理能力；但是，这种说法的科学证据很少。然而，越来越多的证据表明某些认知干预是有效的。在这里，我们提供了认知（通常称为“大脑”）训练的有效性的证据。但是，我们证明，有重要的个体差异决定了培训和转移。我们通过类似电子游戏的工作记忆任务来训练中小学生。我们发现，只有在训练任务上有显着改善的孩子才能在未训练的体液智力任务上表现出提高。这种改进比对照组的改进要大，该对照组接受了一项基于知识的任务训练，并且没有占用工作记忆。此外，即使经过3个月的中断训练，这种差异模式仍保持完整。我们得出结论，认知训练可以是有效且持久的，但是要评估这种训练的效果，必须考虑一些限制因素，其中之一是训练表现的个体差异。我们建议，未来的研究不应该调查认知训练是否有效，而应该确定哪种训练方案和哪种训练条件可以产生最佳的转移效果，研究潜在的神经和认知机制，最后研究对谁最有用的认知训练。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号