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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Evolution of the mitochondrial fusion-fission cycle and its role in aging
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Evolution of the mitochondrial fusion-fission cycle and its role in aging

机译：线粒体融合裂变周期的演变及其在衰老中的作用

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摘要

Mitochondria are organelles of eukaryotic cells that contain their own genetic material and evolved from prokaryotic ancestors some 2 billion years ago. They are the main source of the cell's energy supply and are involved in such important processes as apoptosis, mitochondrial diseases, and aging. During recent years it also became apparent that mitochondria display a complex dynamical behavior of fission and fusion, the function of which is as yet unknown. In this paper we develop a concise theory that explains why fusion and fission have evolved, how these processes are related to the accumulation of mitochondrial mutants during aging, why the mitochondrial DNA has to be located close to the respiration complexes where most radicals are generated, and what selection pressures shaped the slightly different structure of animal and plant mitochondria. We believe that this "or-ganelle control" theory will help in understanding key processes involved in the evolution of the mitochondrial genome and the aging process.
机译：线粒体是真核细胞的细胞器，它们含有自己的遗传物质，是从大约20亿年前的原核祖先进化而来的。它们是细胞能量供应的主要来源，并参与细胞凋亡，线粒体疾病和衰老等重要过程。近年来，线粒体还表现出复杂的裂变和融合动力学行为，其功能尚不清楚。在本文中，我们建立了一个简洁的理论，解释了为何融合和裂变得以发展，这些过程与衰老过程中线粒体突变体的积累如何相关，为什么线粒体DNA必须位于产生大多数自由基的呼吸复合体附近，选择压力塑造的动植物线粒体结构略有不同。我们认为，这种“ or-ganelle控制”理论将有助于理解与线粒体基因组进化和衰老过程有关的关键过程。

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  • 作者

    Axel Kowald; Tom B. L. Kirkwood;

  • 作者单位

    Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Institute for Biology, Theoretical Biophysics, 10115 Berlin, Germany,Centre for Integrated Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom;

    Centre for Integrated Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    mechanistic aging theory; mathematical model;

    机译：机械老化理论数学模型;

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