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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Fundamental relationship between operon organization and gene expression
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Fundamental relationship between operon organization and gene expression

机译：操纵子组织与基因表达之间的基本关系

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Half a century has passed since the discovery of operons (groups of genes that are transcribed together as a single mRNA). Despite the importance of operons in bacterial gene networks, the relationship between their organization and gene expression remains poorly understood. Here we show using synthetic operons in Escherichia coli that the expression of a given gene increases with the length of the operon and as its position moves farther from the end of the operon. These findings can be explained by a common mechanism; increasing the distance from the start of a gene to the end of the operon (termed the "transcription distance") provides more time for translation to occur during transcription, resulting in increased expression. We confirmed experimentally that the increased expression is indeed due to increased translation. Furthermore our analysis indicates the translation initiation rate for an mRNA is sixfold greater during transcription than after its release, which amplifies the impact of the transcription distance on gene expression. As a result of these mechanisms, gene expression increases by ～40% for each 1,000 nucleotides of transcription distance. In summary, we demonstrate that a fundamental relationship exists between gene expression and the number, length, and order of the genes in an operon. This relationship has important implications for understanding the functional basis of genome organization and practical applications for synthetic biology.
机译：自发现操纵子（已经转录成单个mRNA的基因组）以来已经过去了半个世纪。尽管操纵子在细菌基因网络中的重要性，但其组织与基因表达之间的关系仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们显示了在大肠杆菌中使用合成操纵子，给定基因的表达随操纵子的长度增加以及其位置远离操纵子末端而增加。这些发现可以用共同的机制来解释。从基因开始到操纵子末端的距离增加（称为“转录距离”）为转录期间发生翻译提供了更多时间，从而导致表达增加。我们通过实验证实，表达的增加确实是由于翻译的增加。此外，我们的分析表明，转录过程中mRNA的翻译起始速率比释放后的转录起始速率高六倍，这放大了转录距离对基因表达的影响。这些机制的结果是，转录距离每增加1000个核苷酸，基因表达就会增加约40％。总而言之，我们证明基因表达与操纵子中基因的数量，长度和顺序之间存在基本关系。这种关系对于理解基因组组织的功能基础和合成生物学的实际应用具有重要意义。

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