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Olfactory habituation: Fresh insights from flies

机译：嗅觉习惯：果蝇的新见识

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摘要

Habituation, the reduction in an animal's response to the repeated occurrence of an unchanging stimulus, is generally regarded as the simplest form of learning (1). Moreover, it is ubiquitous: every animal with a nervous system seems to possess the capacity for habituation (2). Given these facts, one might expect that habituation would be fairly well understood by modern neurobiologists. In reality, however, our understanding of the cellular mechanisms that underlie habituation is meager at best (3). That habituation remains so poorly grasped, neurobiologically, more than 100 years after the initial scientific accounts of this basic behavioral phenomenon (2) is—or should be—a matter of significant embarrassment for the field of learning and memory. However, two articles in PNAS by Ramaswami and colleagues (4, 5) go some way toward easing the embarrassment. They contain important insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of olfactory habituation in Drosophila, insights likely to generalize to other forms of habituation in other species, including mammalian species.
机译：习惯化，即动物对反复发生的不变刺激的反应减少，通常被认为是最简单的学习形式（1）。而且，它无处不在：每一个有神经系统的动物似乎都具有适应的能力（2）。鉴于这些事实，人们可能希望习惯化将被现代神经生物学家充分理解。然而，实际上，我们对习惯化基础的细胞机制的了解充其量是微不足道的（3）。在对这种基本行为现象的最初科学解释之后的100多年里，这种习性在神经生物学上仍然很难掌握（2），对于（或应该）对学习和记忆领域来说，这是一个很大的尴尬。但是，拉马斯瓦米（Ramaswami）和同事在《 PNAS》中的两篇文章（4，5）在某种程度上减轻了这种尴尬。它们包含对果蝇嗅觉习性的细胞和分子机制的重要见解，这些见解可能会推广到包括哺乳动物在内的其他物种的其他形式的习性。

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    David L. Glanzman;

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    Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA College and Department of Neurobiology and Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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