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A stable hippocampal representation of a space requires its direct experience

机译：稳定的海马空间表示需要直接的经验

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In humans and other mammals, the hippocampus is critical for episodic memory, the autobiographical record of events, including where and when they happen. When one records from hippocampal pyramidal neurons in awake, behaving rodents, their most obvious firing correlate is the animal's position within a particular environment, earning them the name "place cells." When an animal explores a novel environment, its pyramidal neurons form their spatial receptive fields over a matter of minutes and are generally stable thereafter. This experience-dependent stabilization of place fields is therefore an attractive candidate neural correlate of the formation of hippocampal memory. However, precisely how the animal's experience of a context translates into stable place fields remains largely unclear. For instance, we still do not know whether observation of a space is sufficient to generate a stable hippocampal representation of that space because the animal must physically visit a spot to demonstrate which cells fire there. We circumvented this problem by comparing the relative stability of place fields of directly experienced space from merely observed space following blockade of NMDA receptors, which preferentially destabilizes newly generated place fields. This allowed us to determine whether place cells stably represent parts of the environment the animal sees, but does not actually occupy. We found that the formation of stable place fields clearly requires direct experience with a space. This suggests that place cells are part of an autobiographical record of events and their spatial context, consistent with providing the "where" information in episodic memory.
机译：在人类和其他哺乳动物中，海马对于事件的记忆，事件的自传记录（包括事件发生的时间和地点）至关重要。当一个清醒的行为表现出啮齿动物的海马锥体神经元记录下来时，它们最明显的着火关联是该动物在特定环境中的位置，因此被称为“位置细胞”。当动物探索新的环境时，其锥体神经元会在数分钟内形成其空间感受野，此后通常会保持稳定。因此，取决于经验的位置场稳定是海马记忆形成的有吸引力的候选神经相关因素。但是，到底如何将动物的环境经历转换成稳定的场地仍然不清楚。例如，我们仍然不知道观察到一个空间是否足以生成该空间的稳定海马代表图，因为动物必须物理访问一个点以证明那里有哪些细胞着火。我们通过比较受NMDA受体阻断后仅观察到的空间与直接经历的空间的位置场的相对稳定性，从而避免了这个问题，这会破坏新生成的位置场的稳定性。这使我们能够确定位置细胞是否稳定地代表了动物所见但实际上并未占据的环境部分。我们发现，形成稳定的场所显然需要对空间有直接的经验。这表明位置细胞是事件及其空间背景的自传记录的一部分，与在情节性记忆中提供“位置”信息一致。

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