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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Temporal view of the costs and benefits of self-deception
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Temporal view of the costs and benefits of self-deception

机译：自我欺骗的成本和收益的时间观点

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Researchers have documented many cases in which individuals rationalize their regrettable actions. Four experiments examine situations in which people go beyond merely explaining away their misconduct to actively deceiving themselves. We find that those who exploit opportunities to cheat on tests are likely to engage in self-deception, inferring that their elevated performance is a sign of intelligence. This short-term psychological benefit of self-deception, however, can come with longer-term costs: when predicting future performance, participants expect to perform equally well—a lack of awareness that persists even when these inflated expectations prove costly. We show that although people expect to cheat, they do not foresee self-deception, and that factors that reinforce the benefits of cheating enhance self-deception. More broadly, the findings of these experiments. offer evidence that debates about the relative costs and benefits of self-deception are informed by adopting a temporal view that assesses the cumulative impact of self-deception over time.
机译：研究人员已经记录了许多个人合理化其遗憾行为的案例。四个实验研究了人们不仅要解释自己的不当行为，而是主动欺骗自己的情况。我们发现那些利用机会欺骗考试的人很可能会自欺欺人，这表明他们提高的表现是智力的标志。然而，自欺欺人的这种短期心理好处可能会带来长期成本：在预测未来表现时，参与者期望表现同样好-即使这些虚高的期望证明代价高昂，这种意识仍然缺乏。我们表明，尽管人们期望作弊，但他们并没有预见到自欺欺人，而那些增强作弊优势的因素会增强自欺欺人。更广泛地讲，这些实验的发现。提供的证据表明，采用时间观点评估自欺欺人的相对成本和收益的辩论是通过时间评估自欺欺人随着时间的累积影响而提供的。

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